Integrating the traditional and the modern conflict management strategies in Nigeria

Nwachukwu

Orim

et al. 2019

ITP

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to complement the scant macroeconomic literature on the development outcomes of social media by examining the relationship between Facebook penetration and violent crime levels in a cross-section of 148 countries for the year 2012. Design/methodology/approach The empirical evidence is based on ordinary least squares (OLS), Tobit and quantile regressions. In order to respond to policy concerns on the limited evidence on the consequences of social media in developing countries, the data set is disaggregated into regions and income levels. The decomposition by income levels included: low income, lower middle income, upper middle income and high income. The corresponding regions include: Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and the Pacific, Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Findings From OLS and Tobit regressions, there is a negative relationship between Facebook penetration and crime. However, quantile regressions reveal that the established negative relationship is noticeable exclusively in the 90th crime quantile. Further, when the data set is decomposed into regions and income levels, the negative relationship is evident in the MENA while a positive relationship is confirmed for Sub-Saharan Africa. Policy implications are discussed. Originality/value Studies on the development outcomes of social media are sparse because of a lack of reliable macroeconomic data on social media. This study primarily complemented three existing studies that have leveraged on a newly available data set on Facebook.

Section: Theoretical Underpinningssupporting

confidence: 75%

Crime and social media

Nwachukwu

Orim

et al. 2019

ITP

“…In accordance with the extant literature on terrorism (see Asongu et al, 2015;Efobi et al, 2015), there are two main theories substantiated by Akinwale (2010) which support this line of inquiry, notably: the conflict management model (CMM) of Thomas-Kilman (1992) and the social control theory (SCT) of Black (1990). On the one hand, within the CMM framework, intentions that are strategic in nature are very likely to rotate around a matrix defined by two factors (of cooperation and assertiveness), which when combined with collaboration yields five fundamental conflict management styles, namely: accommodation, competition, collaboration, compromise and avoidance.…”

Section: Stylised Facts and Conflict Management Theoretical Insightssupporting

confidence: 65%

Can Foreign Aid Dampen the Threat of Terrorism to International Trade? Evidence from 78 Developing Countries

Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice

Leke

2018

Disclaimer: AFEA Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) that has been peerreviewed and forthcoming in scientific outlets. There is a tacit acknowledgement of anonymous referees for constructive suggestions and critiques that have helped improve the content and rigour of the study. Each research stands on its merit and the views expressed in AFEA Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the AFEA, its Executive Board, or AFEA management. AbstractThe study investigates whether development assistance can be used to crowd-out the negative effect of terrorism on international trade. The empirical evidence is based on a panel of 78 developing countries for the period 1984-2008 and Quantile Regressions. The following main findings are established. First, bilateral aid significantly reduces the negative effect of transnational terrorism on trade in the top quantiles of the trade distribution. Second, multilateral aid also significantly mitigates the negative effect of terrorism dynamics on trade in the top quantiles of the trade distributions. It follows that it is primarily in countries with above median levels of international trade that development assistance can be used as an effective policy tool for dampening the adverse effects of terrorism on trade. Practical implications are discussed. JEL Classification: F40; F23; F35;Q34 ; O40

“…Some of the conflict resolution mechanisms are articulated by the Social Control Theory of Black and Conflict Management Model of Thomas‐Kilman. These theoretical underpinnings which are documented by Akinwale (, p. 125) have motivated recent literature on conflict resolution, notably on the fight against: political instability and non‐violence (Asongu and Nwachukwu, ) and terrorism (Asongu et al ., ).…”

Section: Intuitions For the Empirics And Linkage With Conflict Resolumentioning

confidence: 95%

Fighting Terrorism: Empirics on Policy Harmonisation

Nwachukwu

2018

German Economic Review

This paper models the feasibility of common policy initiatives against global terrorism, as well as timelines for their enforcement. The empirical evidence is based on 78 developing countries for the period 1984–2008. Domestic, transnational, unclear and total terrorism variables are used. Absolute (or unconditional) and conditional catch‐ups are estimated using Generalised Method of Moments. We establish consistently that, the rate of catch‐up is higher in domestic terrorism relative to transnational terrorism. The time to full catch‐up required for the implementation of common policies without distinction of nationality is found to be in a horizon of 13–20 years for domestic terrorism and 24–28 years for transnational terrorism. Hence, from a projection date of 2009, in spite of decreasing cross‐country differences in terrorists’ attacks, there is still a long way to go before feasible common policy initiatives can be fully implemented without distinction of nationality. The paper is original by its contribution to the empirics of conflict resolution through decreasing cross‐country differences in terrorism tendencies. Policy implications are discussed.