Integrating the pace‐of‐life syndrome across species, sexes and individuals: covariation of life history and personality under pesticide exposure

Debecker, Sara; Sanmartín‐Villar, Iago; Guinea, Miguel de; Cordero‐Rivera, Adolfo; Stoks, Robby

doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12499

Cited by 65 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…The parental stress hypothesis proposes that females subjected to low quality food intake produce maladaptive maternal effects in offspring (Rossiter, 1991; Rossiter, 1996; Vijendravarma, Narasimha & Kawecki, 2010) affecting egg quality and/or embryo or larval survivorship. In our case, the preponderance of females in our second generation suggests that male larvae may have been more susceptible to maternal effects due to the differences between sexes in larval activity and/or time needed to emerge (Debecker et al, 2016), or were more susceptible to cannibalism during early larval development (before they were isolated).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

The inheritance of female colour polymorphism inIschnura genei(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae),with observations on melanism under laboratory conditions

Sanmartín‐Villar
¹
,

Cordero‐Rivera
²

2016

PeerJ

28
1
15
0

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Current research on female colour polymorphism in Ischnura damselflies suggests that a balanced fitness trade-off between morphotypes contributes to the maintenance of polymorphism inside populations. The genetic inheritance system constitutes a key factor to understand morph fluctuation and fitness. Ischnura genei, an endemic species of some Mediterranean islands, has three female colour morphs, including one androchrome (male-coloured) and two gynochromes. In this study, we reared two generations of I. genei under laboratory conditions and tested male behavioural responses to female colour morphs in the field. We recorded ontogenetic colour changes and studied morph frequency in three populations from Sardinia (Italy). Morph frequencies of laboratory crosses can be explained by a model based on an autosomal locus with three alleles and sex-restricted expression, except for one crossing of 42 families with unexpected offspring. The allelic dominance relationship was androchrome > infuscans > aurantiaca. Old individuals reared in the laboratory exhibited different levels of melanism in variable extent depending on sex and morph. Results of model presentations indicate a male preference for gynochrome females and the lack of recognition of androchromes as potential mates. Aurantiaca females were the most frequent morph in the field (63–87%). Further studies in other populations and islands are needed to understand the maintenance of this polymorphism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 70%

The inheritance of female colour polymorphism inIschnura genei(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae),with observations on melanism under laboratory conditions
Sanmartín‐Villar
¹
,
Cordero‐Rivera
²

2016
PeerJ
28
1
15
0
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“…We have previously shown that larval growth rate is well integrated with other life history traits, such as age and size at emergence and adult lifespan, along a fast‐slow life history continuum in I. elegans (Debecker et al. ). We therefore consider growth rate a reliable proxy for pace of life (see also Stamps , Biro and Stamps ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%

“…), only one study investigated how contaminants change covariation patterns between life history and behavior (Debecker et al. ). In the latter study, a positive association between fast life history and risk taking in the presence of predator cues arose only after a pesticide treatment but only in the most fast‐lived species studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%

Pace of life syndrome under warming and pollution: integrating life history, behavior, and physiology across latitudes
Debecker
¹
,
Stoks
²

2018
Ecological Monographs
Self Cite
57
8
81
2
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To fully comprehend and predict the impact of drivers of global change such as climate warming and pollution, integrated multi‐trait approaches are needed. As organismal traits are often correlated, responses to stressors are expected to induce coordinated changes in many traits. A promising framework to study this is the pace of life syndrome (POLS), which predicts the integration of life history, behavioral, and physiological traits along a fast‐slow continuum. Using an integrative multi‐trait approach, we evaluated the presence of a POLS both within and across latitudes and how POLS patterns are affected by warming and metal pollution. We studied this in Ischnura elegans damselfly larvae of replicated low‐ and high‐latitude populations that strongly differ in voltinism (three to four generations per year vs. one generation every two years) reared in a common‐garden experiment at two temperatures. Across latitudes, life history, behavior, and physiology covaried in accordance with the POLS, with the fast‐paced low‐latitude damselflies characterized by a fast growth rate, high activity, and more explorative and risk‐taking behavior, fast metabolic rate, and low investment in immune function (activity of phenoloxidase). This fast POLS strategy was associated with a higher sensitivity to metal exposure and a higher vulnerability to predation. Warming caused opposite responses between the latitudes consistent with differential thermal adaptation in growth rate, behavior, and oxidative stress parameters. Despite this, damselflies of both latitudes showed a consistent pattern in phenotypic correlations among traits that, moreover, was not affected by warming and metal exposure. Within latitudes, there was no full support for the POLS. More active larvae were more explorative and risk taking, which aligned with the fast‐slow life history axis, but less strong than at the across‐latitude level. Physiological traits were also integrated within latitudes, yet there was no unambiguous coupling with the fast‐slow life history continuum. The consistent syndrome structure, if underpinned by genetic correlations, may restrict the independent evolution of individual traits, yet may not necessarily constrain adaptive evolution of integrated trait sets. This is because the covariance pattern was to a large extent similar across latitudes and within latitudes, suggesting adaptive trait integration guiding adaptive evolution of trait sets along the fast‐slow continuum.

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“…; Debecker et al . ). Correlations between life history and behaviour are found in many animals (Biro et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%

Fast–slow life history is correlated with individual differences in movements and prey selection in an aquatic predator in the wild
Nakayama
¹
,
Rapp
²
,
Arlinghaus
³

2016
Journal of Animal Ecology
44
0
27
0
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Fast and slow life histories are proposed to covary with consistent individual differences in behaviour, but little is known whether it holds in the wild, where individuals experience natural fluctuations of the environment. We investigated whether individual differences in behaviour, such as movement traits and prey selection, are linked to variation in life-history traits in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the wild. Using high-resolution acoustic telemetry, we collected the positional data of fish in a whole natural lake and estimated individual movement traits by fitting a two-state correlated random walk model. Prey selection was inferred from stable isotope analysis using scale samples. Life-history traits were estimated by fitting a biphasic growth model to an individual growth trajectory back-calculated from scale samples. Life-history traits were correlated with behavioural traits such as movements and prey selection. Individuals with higher reproductive effort were found to switch more frequently between active and inactive modes and show greater reliance on prey from pelagic pathways (indicated by lower δ C). Further, individuals with faster juvenile growth were found to stay active for a longer time during the adult stage. Our results demonstrate the link between individual behavioural differences and fast-slow life-history traits under ecologically relevant conditions.

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Integrating the pace‐of‐life syndrome across species, sexes and individuals: covariation of life history and personality under pesticide exposure

Cited by 65 publications

References 78 publications

The inheritance of female colour polymorphism inIschnura genei(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae),with observations on melanism under laboratory conditions

The inheritance of female colour polymorphism inIschnura genei(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae),with observations on melanism under laboratory conditions

Pace of life syndrome under warming and pollution: integrating life history, behavior, and physiology across latitudes

Fast–slow life history is correlated with individual differences in movements and prey selection in an aquatic predator in the wild

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