“…Teachers' scientific abilities and skills are represented in the context of systems thinking, i.e., the ability to holistically think and engage in a complex and uncertain environment using various tools and techniques. [40] Teachers' systems thinking at environmentally friendly cultured schools in this study was mostly depicted by their ability to plan lessons and to implement them. The implementation included capabilities in developing the learning content and improving students' active learning.…”
This study aims to develop scales to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in education for sustainable development (ESD) at an environmental care and culture school, which is important because the school serves as an ESD benchmark for other public schools. However, there is no adequate performance measurement scale that incorporates the three dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL). The 133 samples in this study were collected from four schools in regencies and cities in Indonesia. We developed a scale to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in ESD. The developed scale was then tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We found that the teachers had the lowest performance in systems thinking competence compared to other competences, such as ability to plan content and social dimensions. The teachers set a good example by using polite language and gestures but did not model green behavior. The teachers also had low scores in peer participation in external organizations and activities. The scale formulated in this study can be used to measure teacher performance in ESD, although some indicators must be further developed. In the future, purely confirmatory studies can validate the dimensional structure of this exploratory factor analysis.
“…Teachers' scientific abilities and skills are represented in the context of systems thinking, i.e., the ability to holistically think and engage in a complex and uncertain environment using various tools and techniques. [40] Teachers' systems thinking at environmentally friendly cultured schools in this study was mostly depicted by their ability to plan lessons and to implement them. The implementation included capabilities in developing the learning content and improving students' active learning.…”
This study aims to develop scales to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in education for sustainable development (ESD) at an environmental care and culture school, which is important because the school serves as an ESD benchmark for other public schools. However, there is no adequate performance measurement scale that incorporates the three dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL). The 133 samples in this study were collected from four schools in regencies and cities in Indonesia. We developed a scale to measure teachers’ systems thinking and leadership in ESD. The developed scale was then tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We found that the teachers had the lowest performance in systems thinking competence compared to other competences, such as ability to plan content and social dimensions. The teachers set a good example by using polite language and gestures but did not model green behavior. The teachers also had low scores in peer participation in external organizations and activities. The scale formulated in this study can be used to measure teacher performance in ESD, although some indicators must be further developed. In the future, purely confirmatory studies can validate the dimensional structure of this exploratory factor analysis.
“…Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dipilih sebagai metode dimana model tersebut dapat mengatur dan menganalisis keputusan yang kompleks [23,24], menggunakan matematika dan psikologi serta kerangka kerja rasional untuk keputusan yang dibutuhkan dengan mengkuantifikasi kriteria dan pilihan alternatifnya, dan untuk menghubungkan elemen-elemen tersebut dengan tujuan keseluruhan [24,25]. Hal tersebut senada dengan penelitian sebelumnya bahwa penggunaan AHP paling berguna ketika menemukan keputusan untuk masalah kompleks dengan resiko tinggi [26], dikarenakan keunggulan yang dimiliki mampu mengkuantifikasi kriteria dan opsi yang secara tradisional yang sulit diukur dengan angka yang sulit, dan dapat membantu pengambil keputusan menemukan keputusan yang paling sesuai dengan nilai dan pemahaman mereka tentang masalah [27,28].…”
The purpose of this study is to determine the selection of the best Stainless steel model for the Kitchen Set and can utilize the area in the kitchen room well, because the role of the kitchen set in a house is not just a room filled with spices and cooking utensils, but with a kitchen set that Ideally, the activities carried out will feel more comfortable. The method in this study uses the Analytical Hierachy Process (AHP) method where AHP is a structured technique used for organization and decision analysis and can assist in the representation of the most appropriate approach for quantifying the weights of each criterion. By using the AHP method, it produces a list of alternatives and determines the selection of models and also this system makes it easy to assess the criteria and quality of the best Stainless steel for use in Kitchen Sets.
“…The SUS questionnaire, which is used widely to capture user response toward the usability of a system, covers four important factors: efficiency, satisfaction, ease, and intuitiveness [106]. In this study, the SUS questionnaire was prepared with 10 items, including six positively worded items (1,2,3,5,7,9) and four negatively worded items (4,6,8,10). A five-point Likert scale was initially used and then converted to a scale ranging from 0 to 4.…”
Section: System Usability Assessmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The report indicated that complex problem solving and critical/systems thinking (ST) skills are the most important skills for the next five years, outpacing the need for other skills such as people management, emotional intelligence, negotiation, and cognitive flexibility. In other words, because the skills required are beyond the narrow focus of traditional engineering disciplines, more focused emphasis on holistic thinking modes is necessary and should be emphasized in the training of a future workforce [1,2]. The need for these skills is growing because of the complexity and uncertainty associated with modern systems is increasing remarkably [3,4].…”
This study utilized the application of authentic Virtual Reality (VR) to replicate the real-world complex system scenarios of a large retail supply chain. The proposed VR scenarios were developed based on an established systems thinking instrument that consists of seven dimensions: level of complexity, independence, interaction, change, uncertainty, systems’ worldview, and flexibility. However, in this study, we only developed the VR scenarios for the first dimension, level of complexity, to assess an individual’s Systems Thinking Skills (STS) when he or she engages in a turbulent virtual environment. The main objective of this study was to compare a student’s STS when using traditional ST instruments versus VR scenarios for the complexity dimension. The secondary aim was to investigate the efficacy of VR scenarios utilizing three measurements: Simulation Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), System Usability Scale (SUS), and Presence Questionnaire (PQ). In addition to the three measures, NASA TLX assessment was also performed to assess the perceived workload with regards to performing the tasks in VR scenarios. The results show students’ preferences in the VR scenarios are not significantly different from their responses obtained using the traditional systems skills instrument. The efficacy measures confirmed that the developed VR scenarios are user friendly and lie in an acceptable region for users. Finally, the overall NASA TLX score suggests that users require 36% perceived work effort to perform the activities in VR scenarios.
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