Integrating Planting Dates and Fungicide Applications for Managing White Mold of Dry Beans in Western Nebraska

Abstract

White mold, caused by the soilborne fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most destructive diseases of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and is greatly influenced by environmental conditions and certain agronomic practices. A 3-year study (2003 to 2005) evaluated planting date and thiophanate-methyl fungicide applications based on decision aids consisting of blue plate technique, sugar beet Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease forecasting model, and crop phenology (90% bloom). Overall yields were lower in 2003 and higher in 2005, and disease severity was greater in 2004. Planting dry beans in late June to early July resulted in higher levels of disease than planting in late May or mid-June in 2004. Late planting also resulted in lower yields and 100-seed weight in 2004 and 2005 than the early and mid-plantings. Compared to the control and CLS model, fungicide applications based on the blue plate and 90% bloom treatments reduced disease severity in 2004 and 2005, while also increasing 100-seed weight and yields in 2004. Accepted for publication 8 May 2010. Published 1 July 2010.

Characterization of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an Emerging Fungal Pathogen Causing Blight in Hyacinth Bean (Lablab purpureus)

“…In addition, Koch’s postulates demonstrated the pathogenicity of this fungus and its role as the causal agent of the new disease detected in Bangladesh. S. sclerotiorum has been reported to be the pathogen of white mold disease of hyacinth bean in other countries ( Harveson et al, 2010 ; Saharan and Mehta, 2008 ). The fungus causes flower blights, stem rots, fruit rots, head blight, crown rots and basal stem infection of numerous hosts ( Heffer and Johnson, 2007 ).…”

Response of dark red kidney beans to nitrogen on irrigated, sandy soil

“…The fungal pathogen S. sclerotiorum develops exponentially in cool wet conditions under the canopies (25°C, free moisture present) (Harikrishnan & Del Río, 2006; Weiss et al., 1980). Without a single effective disease management strategy for white mold, cultural management practices, including wide row spacing, irrigation scheduling, nitrogen management, and crop rotation, can help control the undercanopy microclimate, thus limiting the development of the pathogen (Harveson et al., 2013; Kader et al., 2018).…”

Validation of an in vitro system to trigger changes in the gene expression of effectors of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

“…Currently, control of white mould disease is based on integrated management practices (Reis and Lopes 2007;Williams 2007;Wyenandt 2008;Boat et al 2018;Sumida et al 2018). After the establishment of the disease, chemical compounds are usually used; however, their usage contributes to increasing the market price of the final product, and they promote environmental damage (Gorgen 2009;Harveson et al 2010). In recent years, demand has increased for efficient pathogen control which does not harm the environment and causes no rise in production costs (Gill and Garg 2014;€ Ozkara et al 2016).…”

“…). After the establishment of the disease, chemical compounds are usually used; however, their usage contributes to increasing the market price of the final product, and they promote environmental damage (Gorgen 2009; Harveson et al 2010…”