Integrating Human Factors &amp; Ergonomics in large-scale engineering projects: Investigating a practical approach for ship design

Mallam, Steven; Lundh, Monica; MacKinnon, Scott

doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2015.09.007

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…S2SREX is a newly developed function and has not been subject to sufficient usability testing. User testing and feedback should be incorporated throughout the entire development lifecycle of the functions [22][23][24]57]. Poor usability, and "cluttered screens" caused by overlapping routes of different vessels and difficulties identifying which route belonged to which ship were mentioned by several participants throughout the simulations and during the semi-structured debriefs.…”

Section: Decision Making and Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Are You Planning to Follow Your Route?” The Effect of Route Exchange on Decision Making, Trust, and Safety

Aylward

Weber

Man

et al. 2020

JMSE

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The Sea Traffic Management (STM) Validation project is a European based initiative which focuses on connecting and updating the maritime world in real time, with efficient information exchange. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two functions developed during the project: a ship to ship route exchange (S2SREX) function and rendezvous (RDV) information layer, collectively referred to as S2SREX/RDV. S2SREX displays the route segment consisting of the next seven waypoints of the monitored route of a collaborating ship and the RDV layer that predicts a meeting point. S2SREX/RDV provides supplementary information to data acquired by existing navigation systems and is intended to improve situational awareness and safety through a more comprehensive understanding of the surrounding traffic. Chalmers University of Technology and Solent University completed an experiment using twenty-four experienced navigators in bridge simulators. Six traffic scenarios were developed by subject matter experts and tested with and without S2SREX/RDV functionalities. Qualitative data were collected using post-test questionnaires and group debriefs to evaluate the participants’ perceptions of S2SREX/RDV in the various traffic scenarios, and quantitative data were collected to assess the ship distances and behavior in relation to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). The results revealed that participants generally trusted the S2SREX/RDV information, and most used S2SREX/RDV for decision support. The quantitative assessment revealed that the COLREGs were breached more often when S2SREX/RDV was used. Experimental findings are discussed in relation to safety, trust, reliance, situational awareness, and human-automation interaction constructs.

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Section: Decision Making and Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Are You Planning to Follow Your Route?” The Effect of Route Exchange on Decision Making, Trust, and Safety

Aylward

Weber

Man

et al. 2020

JMSE

Self Cite

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“…The ambition of the governance of resources and functions in the ECR would require collective efforts from many stakeholders, not just users but also involved service providers and manufacturers. Recent maritime research on physical ergonomics tried to incorporate human factor principles and knowledge in the engineering process (Mallam et al 2015(Mallam et al , 2017a. The idea of integrating participatory practices in design process is very enlightening because both disciplines of participatory design and service design are value-laden, sharing common structures including involvement techniques, cooperative approaches, and emancipatory objectives (Holmlid 2009).…”

Section: An Architectural Approach To the Ecrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing unruly technologies in the engine control room: from problem patching to an architectural thinking and standardization

Man

Lundh

MacKinnon

2018

WMU J Marit Affairs

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In recent years, the work in engine control rooms (ECRs) onboard ships is becoming increasingly demanding and complex due to growing presence of modern information technology (IT) applications introduced in a problem-patching fashion. Previous studies about ECRs discussed the design issues associated with physical and cognitive ergonomics and lack of regulatory support. This paper has reexamined a design case in an ECR on a merchant ship and discussed the potential of a service-oriented architectural approach to manage emerging unruly technologies and integrate distributed resources in the maritime human-technology system. An EU project was introduced to illustrate the value of this design approach. Confronted with the complexity issues residing in a sociotechnical system like the ECR, this conceptual paper suggests a shift of focus from patching individual problems locally to a holistic systems perspective on the maritime ecosystem development, which would likely require more collaborative efforts of various maritime stakeholders in practice. Certain extent of mandatory standardization for deploying and managing information systems is considered to be critical in these collaborative endeavors.

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“…A proposed design of a ship bridge workstation (a limited section of the whole bridge) was evaluated by the participants using four different representations of the bridge; one 2D drawing and three different 3D models. This procedure was used to pre-empt participants' feedback on a familiar basis, since 2D drawings are commonly used as a starting point for evaluation of a ship design (as evidenced by Mallam et al, 2015). Three different use scenarios were presented in writing to trigger each participant to reflect on the proposed design as an enabler for the implied tasks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A participatory approach to ergonomics is believed to create a sense of ownership and commitment to agreed-upon solutions, more rapid implementation of workplace changes, and increased learning within the organization (e.g. Mallam, Lundh, & MacKinnon, 2015; J.R. Wilson & Haines, 2001; P. Vink et al, 2006). The earlier in the development process the intended operators can be involved, the greater the possibility to improve the work environment in a cost-efficient way (Hendrick, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involving users in a ship bridge re-design process using scenarios and mock-up models

Österman

Berlin

Bligård

2016

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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Involving users in a ship bridge re-design process using scenarios and mock-up models. Ergonomics, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.ergon.2016.02.008 Access to the published version may require subscription. N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published paper. International Journal of Industrial AbstractThe context for this study is the maritime domain and the design of shipboard workspaces. Due to the globalized nature of shipping, the traditional approach to a participative ergonomics process can be a logistical challenge since stakeholders like designers, manufacturers and operators are often scattered both geographically and organizationally. The participative design study presented in this paper addresses this challenge by exploring the ability of three types of simple three-dimensional (3D) models to act as mediating objects for representative users in order to elicit design feedback in a use scenario-workshop format. The study found that all three types of 3D models, when coupled with a scenario description, elicited several types of useful design feedback that served not only as direct input to changing proposed design parameters, but also as an unprompted long-term learning opportunity for the design team to gain insight into the lives and challenges of their users, who both work and live on board. Relevance to industryThe paper presents a procedure for a participatory design process in the maritime domain where the involved stakeholders are geographically and organizationally dispersed. Mock-up models coupled with use scenario descriptions elicited useful design feedback and an unprompted longterm learning opportunity for the design team.

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Integrating Human Factors & Ergonomics in large-scale engineering projects: Investigating a practical approach for ship design

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

“Are You Planning to Follow Your Route?” The Effect of Route Exchange on Decision Making, Trust, and Safety

“Are You Planning to Follow Your Route?” The Effect of Route Exchange on Decision Making, Trust, and Safety

Managing unruly technologies in the engine control room: from problem patching to an architectural thinking and standardization

Involving users in a ship bridge re-design process using scenarios and mock-up models

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