Integrating anaerobic processes into wastewater treatment

McAdam, Ewan J.; Lüffler, D.; Martin-Garcia, N.; Eusebi, Anna Laura; Lester, J.N.; Jefferson, Bruce; Cartmell, Elise

doi:10.2166/wst.2011.378

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, a steady-state methane yield of 0?06 m 3 methane per m 3 of effluent treated was used, which is the lower value of the range reported within the literature survey (Table 1) and is within the range recorded for previous anaerobic pilot trials conducted on this wastewater (McAdam et al, 2011). For each flowsheet, steady-state wastewater characteristics and unit efficiencies were assumed to exist; further specific unit parameters and assumptions used in the model are reported in Table 2.…”

Section: Flowsheet Modellingmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The reduction in energy demand is primarily due to the electrical energy produced from the AWSP (+385?1 kWhe/day). This contrasts a recent study based on the integration of a UASB for the treatment of settled domestic wastewater under temperate conditions (McAdam et al, 2011). In the study, the authors determined that the total net energy reduction was more directly correlated to a reduction in ASP aeration demand than an increase in net energy production.…”

Section: Demonstrating the Potential Of Awsp For Small Wastewater Trementioning

confidence: 59%

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Waste stabilisation ponds for anaerobic wastewater treatment

McAdam¹,

Ansari²,

Cruddas³

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 An anaerobic waste stabilisation pond (AWSP) has been assessed to enable energy neutral wastewater treatment at decentralised works. During start-up, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was comparable to full-scale AWSPs operated in moderate climates, thereby establishing the potential for treating wastewater in the less conducive European climate. The linear relationship between COD removal and time demonstrated that the AWSP had not reached steady-state, indicating further improvement in COD removal is expected. Data modelled on a 10 000 population equivalent catchment indicated that integrating an AWSP upstream of trickling filters presented the optimum configuration to minimise on-site electrical demand. Anaerobic WSP can generate sufficient electricity onsite to offset electrical demand. Anaerobic WSP can generate sufficient electricity onsite to offset electrical demand, recording a net on-site energy balance of +379?5 kWhe d -1 . Using an AWSP for on-site sludge treatment also reduced exported sludge volume, markedly reducing the wastewater treatment total carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (carbon footprint) compared to conventional technologies. This study established AWSP as a significant future technology for sustainable decentralised wastewater treatment.

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Section: Flowsheet Modellingmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Demonstrating the Potential Of Awsp For Small Wastewater Trementioning

confidence: 59%

Waste stabilisation ponds for anaerobic wastewater treatment

McAdam¹,

Ansari²,

Cruddas³

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding is generally attributed to the release of organically bound nitrogen during the biodegradation of complex organic compounds . However, the increase in ammonia concentration through preliminary anaerobic treatment has been demonstrated to be negligible in comparison with the net energy benefit provided by integrating anaerobic treatment . Incomplete denitrification was observed in anaerobic effluents from the EGSB and an MBR treating crude wastewater although higher denitrification rates were recorded from the EGSB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During treatment of the fortified wastewater, the HRT was increased to 19.4 h which resulted in an OLR of 2.2 kgCOD m −3 d −1 . The influent and effluent physicochemical characteristics and treatment performance were reported previously …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen removal from temperate anaerobic–aerobic two‐stage biological systems: impact of reactor type and wastewater strength

Eusebi

Martin-Garcia

McAdam

et al. 2013

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND There is a need to examine the impact of anaerobic reactor type and wastewater strength on anaerobic–aerobic two‐stage biological systems for temperate wastewater treatment An expanded granular sludge blanket reactor and an anaerobic membrane bioreactor for crude wastewater treatment with downstream aerobic biological treatment were studied together with increasing the organic concentration by fortifying the crude wastewater with primary sludge. RESULTS A chemical oxygen demand and ammonia compliant effluent was produced from the anaerobic–aerobic two‐stage process. Due to the enhanced organics removal achieved by the membrane, a lower denitrification rate, kd, was recorded for the anaerobic membrane bioreactor effluent treatment. However, the residual organic carbon in the anaerobic effluents from both the expanded granular sludge blanket reactor and the anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating crude wastewater was not of sufficient quality to support denitrification. Complete nitrification was achieved during downstream treatment of the fortified effluent. In addition, fortification increased kd to values analogous to exogenous carbon substrates. CONCLUSIONS It is postulated that fortification currently presents the most sustainable strategy for anaerobic–aerobic two‐stage biological systems due to a combination of enhanced methane production and denitrification. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

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Anaerobic treatment of fortified municipal wastewater in temperate climates

Lester

Jefferson

Eusebi

et al. 2012

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Fortification utilizes pre-hydrolysed sludge to increase organic sewage strength for support of anaerobic development. Significantly, enhancing organic strength also permits organic loading rate to be de-coupled from hydraulic retention time, enabling greater contact times for temperate, municipal wastewater. This study therefore describes the application of fortification to facilitate anaerobic treatment of crude wastewater in temperate climates. RESULTS: Fortification with primary sludge significantly increased methane (CH 4 ) from 0.021 m 3 CH 4 m -3 for crude wastewater to 0.095 m 3 CH 4 m -3 . This increased yield demonstrates that fortification enables methane yields equivalent to conventional fullflow anaerobic treatment through only partial treatment of wastewater (up to 50%) which lowers both capital and operational costs. Total chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble COD removals of 89% and 5 % were recorded following fortified crude wastewater treatment, permitting a similar effluent COD profile to treated crude wastewater. Pre-hydrolysis of the fortified wastewater maximized methane production to 0.156 m 3 CH 4 m -3 . Furthermore, a similar yield was reported for wastewater fortified with pre-hydrolysed waste activated sludge, providing new opportunities for on-site treatment with concomitant benefits in sludge reduction and enhanced energy production. Solids breakthrough occurred with pre-hydrolysed fortification and reduced effluent quality; it is postulated that optimizing pre-treatment and upflow velocity will improve effluent quality to that attained with standard fortification. However, fortification also reduced losses of dissolved methane in the effluent stream.CONCLUSIONS: With a reduction in aeration requirements and potential savings in primary treatment and sludge treatment, fortification represents a major advance upon current practice.

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Integrating anaerobic processes into wastewater treatment

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Waste stabilisation ponds for anaerobic wastewater treatment

Waste stabilisation ponds for anaerobic wastewater treatment

Nitrogen removal from temperate anaerobic–aerobic two‐stage biological systems: impact of reactor type and wastewater strength

Anaerobic treatment of fortified municipal wastewater in temperate climates

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