Integrated Waveguide-Grating-Coupled VCSEL/Photodetector Arrays with High Coupled Power for Dense High-Speed Interconnects

Abstract

Integrated waveguide-grating-coupled VCSEL/RCEPD arrays with >1.4 mW/facet output power and VCSEL-to-photodetector data communication at >1.25 Gbps through an integrated waveguide have been demonstrated. This technology will enable practical applications using VCSEL-based photonic integrated circuits.

Highly efficient out-of-plane optical coupler based on tapered hollow waveguide

“…There have been several reports on out-of-plane couplers based on different approaches. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] However; there still remain difficulties in the insertion loss, fabrication feasibility, cost, and compactness.…”