“…The investigation of Si photonic circuits started in the mid-1980s and has been ongoing since then. A significant volume of research has been conducted on various materials such as SiON [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], Si 3 N 4 [ 28 , 29 , 30 ], SiGe [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], SiO 2 [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], and SiC [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. These materials have been explored concerning their compatibility with standard CMOS technology.…”