Integrated Gigant Magnetic Resistance based Angle Sensor

Granig, Wolfgang; Kolle, Christian; Hammerschmidt, Dirk; Schaffer, Bernhard; Borgschulze, R.; Reidl, Christian; Zimmer, Juirgen

doi:10.1109/icsens.2007.355525

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Alternatively the angle of the magnetic field can be detected by anisotropic magneto-resistors (AMR) [6] or giant magneto-resistors (GMR) [7], [8]. One particularly promising system uses GMRs integrated in a standard CMOS process (iGMR) [9]. All these sensors suffer from offset, gain mismatch, nonorthogonality, nonlinearity, cross-talk, hysteresis, and packaging effects [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inaccuracies of Giant Magneto-Resistive Angle Sensors Due to Assembly Tolerances

Ausserlechner

2009

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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For automotive applications like steering wheel position, sensing the angular position of a mechanical axel is detected in a contactless way: a small permanent magnet at the end of the shaft is magnetized perpendicularly to the axis of rotation, and a magnetic field sensor is placed ahead. Even though the magnetic field sensor may be calibrated to have virtually no errors, assembly tolerances of the magnet and the sensor lead to errors in the estimated angular position of the shaft. A Taylor series expansion of the magnetic field up to second order is used to approximate these angle errors. Results of Monte-Carlo simulations show that worst case angle errors may be up to 10 times the average angle error due to error propagation in the nonlinear goniometric relationships. Various shapes of magnets are discussed and criteria for optimization are given. The strong effects of magnet size and distance between sensor and magnet are explained and the limit of infinite homogeneous magnetic field is derived. The results can be used to anticipate production spread of angle sensor systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inaccuracies of Giant Magneto-Resistive Angle Sensors Due to Assembly Tolerances

Ausserlechner

2009

IEEE Trans. Magn.

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“…We call this class of sensors that respond to the magnetic field components perpendicular to the rotation axis perpendicular angle sensors. These can be magnetoresistors (MR) like, e.g., anisotropic magneto-resistors (AMR) [1] or giant magneto-resistors (GMR) [2][3][4][5] or tunnelling magneto-resistors (TMR). Alternatively one may also use vertical Hall effect devices (VHall) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theory of Magnetic Angle Sensors With Hall Plates and Without Fluxguides

Ausserlechner¹

2013

PIER B

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Abstract-Magnetic angle sensors detect the angular position of a permanent magnet attached to a rotating shaft. The magnet is polarized diametrically to the rotation axis. No soft magnetic flux guides are present. The semiconductor die is placed on and orthogonal to the rotation axis. There are two kinds of systems: (i) perpendicular systems detect the field components perpendicular to the rotation axis, and (ii) axial systems detect the component parallel to the rotation axis. The former use magneto-resistive sensors or vertical Hall effect devices; the latter use Hall plates. This paper focuses on axial systems, derives their conceptual limitations, and compares them with perpendicular systems. An optimized system and optimum shapes of magnets are reported. Angle errors due to assembly tolerances of magnet and sensor versus shaft are explained. It is proven that assembly tolerances of optimized axial systems give three times larger errors than perpendicular systems.

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“…The GMR effect is caused by the metallic multilayer films spin-dependent electron scattering, because the carrier of electrons with different spin states has different effects on the magnetic field, it will produce a change in resistance [4]. In multilayer films (Fe / Cr) N, with appropriate thickness of the non-magnetic layer, it will produce antiferromagnetic coupling between two adjacent ferromagnetic layers.…”

Section: Magnetic Azimuth Measurement Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…W2np is the weights which connect the hidden layer and output layer. Usually, the output layer's transfer function of RBF neural network is a linear function, as shown as equation (4).…”

Section: Rbf Neural Network Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance compensation of GMR-based magnetic azimuth measurement system

Zheng

2012

2012 24th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)

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The magnetic azimuth is one of the important parameters of the directional navigation. This paper proposes a magnetic azimuth measurement system based on the GMR sensor. With the thoughts of information fusion, we study the performance compensation method of magnetic azimuth measurement system based on the radial basis function (RBF) neural network and the BP neural network, and then establish a coupling disturbance compensation model of the magnetic field and the temperature. The experimental results illustrate that the maximum full-scale error of sensor output without compensation is ±21.3%, and the maximum full-scale error after the coupling compensation of the BP neural network and the RBF neural network are ±2.72% and ±0.52% respectively.

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Integrated Gigant Magnetic Resistance based Angle Sensor

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Inaccuracies of Giant Magneto-Resistive Angle Sensors Due to Assembly Tolerances

Inaccuracies of Giant Magneto-Resistive Angle Sensors Due to Assembly Tolerances

A Theory of Magnetic Angle Sensors With Hall Plates and Without Fluxguides

Performance compensation of GMR-based magnetic azimuth measurement system

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