Integrated approach to winery waste: waste generation and data consolidation

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a powerful tool that allows evaluation of the environmental performances of a product, service or process considering the whole life cycle or a part of it. In the wine sector, the application of LCA has grown significantly in recent years and several studies have been carried out about this topic that are similar to other research fields. Nowadays, LCA is an important and acknowledged environmental assessment tool but its application to the wine sector is still in a developing phase. For this reason, the present study proposes a critical review of papers dealing with both the wine sector and LCA. The critical review points out that the main wine hotspots are the viticulture phase (mainly due to fuel, fertilizer and pesticides consumption) and the wine primary packaging production (due to glass bottles). Furthermore, the papers taken into consideration have a wide variability in the system boundaries definition as well as a shortage of availability of original and site-specific inventory data. Such key factors are sensitive aspects that have a huge influence on the results of a study and they are also affected by a wide variability: these issues need further scientific contribution through future studies.

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“…Wine wastes consist of grape pomace, lees, stalks, and wastewater in percentages variable by winery and wine type [48].…”

Section: Vinificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding wastewater, some authors claim that treated wastewater may have suitable characteristics for irrigation, thus representing a potential additional source of water [48].…”

Section: Vinificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment Application to the Wine Sector: A Critical Review

Ferrara

Feo

2018

Sustainability

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“…Grape stalks (GS) and marcs (GM), wine lees (WL), exhausted grape marcs, and vinasses are the main by-products generated by the wine and alcohol industries [4,5]. The production of solid byproducts and waste have been estimated to be 4 kg of grape stalks, 18 kg of grape marcs, and 6 kg of WL per hL of wine produced [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of solid byproducts and waste have been estimated to be 4 kg of grape stalks, 18 kg of grape marcs, and 6 kg of WL per hL of wine produced [4,5]. The European Council Regulation (EC) 1493/1999 [6] on the common organization of the wine market introduced compulsory distillation of wine by-products, including GM and WL, to produce spirits, alcohol, tartaric acid, exhausted grape marcs, and liquid waste (vinasses).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable energy from thermophilic anaerobic digestion of winery residue: Preliminary evidence from batch and continuous lab-scale trials

Ros

Cavınato

Bolzonella

et al. 2016

Biomass and Bioenergy

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“…The wine making process comprises two main periods: harvest and post-harvest, and waste production is considerably higher in the harvest season [4]. Solid waste and sludge may be produced during several procedures, such as destemming, pressing, decanting, clarifying, etc., and these wastes include solid grape residues (grape stalks, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotreatment of Winery Wastewater Using a Hybrid System Combining Biological Trickling Filters and Constructed Wetlands

2020

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The objective of this work was to determine the ability of a pilot-scale hybrid system to treat real (non-synthetic) winery wastewater. The experimental treatment system consisted of two stages: An attached growth pilot-scale bioreactor (biological trickling filter with plastic support material) was initially used to remove a significant amount of dissolved chemical oxygen demand (d-COD) from winery wastewater, and then a pilot-scale, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) was examined as a post-treatment step for further d-COD removal. Results from the biofilter revealed that the recirculation rate of 1.0 L/min lead to higher d-COD removal rates than that of 0.5 L/min for all feed d-COD concentrations tested (3500, 7500, 9000 and 18,000 mg d-COD/L). Experiments in the CW were performed using feed d-COD concentrations of about 1500 mg/L (equivalent to biofilter effluent when initial filter feed d-COD concentrations are 18,000 mg/L). The wetland polishing stage managed to further remove d-COD and produced effluent concentrations below current legislation limits for safe disposal. Furthermore, the presence of zeolite in CW (one third of the length of CW) enhanced ammonium removal. The experimental results indicate that the combination of a biological trickling filter and a constructed wetland could effectively treat effluents originating from small wineries typical of the Mediterranean region.

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Integrated approach to winery waste: waste generation and data consolidation

Cited by 91 publications

References 25 publications

Life Cycle Assessment Application to the Wine Sector: A Critical Review

Life Cycle Assessment Application to the Wine Sector: A Critical Review

Renewable energy from thermophilic anaerobic digestion of winery residue: Preliminary evidence from batch and continuous lab-scale trials

Biotreatment of Winery Wastewater Using a Hybrid System Combining Biological Trickling Filters and Constructed Wetlands

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