2002
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/94.17.1301
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Intake of Dairy Products, Calcium, and Vitamin D and Risk of Breast Cancer

Abstract: We found no association between intake of dairy products and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Among premenopausal women, high intake of low-fat dairy foods, especially skim/low-fat milk, was associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. Similar inverse associations were seen with components (calcium and vitamin D) of dairy foods, but their independent associations with breast cancer are difficult to distinguish.

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Cited by 359 publications
(326 citation statements)
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“…The latter is consistent with other studies, indicating that consuming dairy products twice a day is strongly correlated with protection against breast cancer (OR = 0.04; 95%CI: 0.01-0.15) 24,33,34 . A Uruguayan study highlighted a protective effect from low-fat fermented dairy products 35 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…The latter is consistent with other studies, indicating that consuming dairy products twice a day is strongly correlated with protection against breast cancer (OR = 0.04; 95%CI: 0.01-0.15) 24,33,34 . A Uruguayan study highlighted a protective effect from low-fat fermented dairy products 35 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…In a rodent model, calcium reduces fat-induced cell proliferation by maintaining intracellular calcium concentrations (Jacobson et al, 1989) and greater fat intakes has been related to endometrial cancer risk (Bandera et al, 2007b). Calcium has been inversely associated with risk of breast cancer, another hormone-dependent cancer (Mccullough et al, 2005;Shin et al, 2002). Calcium may also influence risk through its metabolic relationship with vitamin D: calcium supplementation lowers 1,25(OH) 2 D levels (Sanchez et al, 1997), theoretically sparing 25(OH)D from conversion to 1,25(OH) 2 D. Substrate preservation may render 25(OH) D more available for endometrial tissue-specific synthesis of 1,25(OH) 2 D.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The greatest difference among consumers of specific food groups was seen in the avoidance of milk products in Australian patients. This is an interesting finding, since the scientific data on the risk of breast cancer and milk products is controversial (Shin et al, 2002;Voorrips et al, 2002). In Finland, milk is still an important component of the diet and a large variety of low-lactose and lactose-free milks are available.…”
Section: Dietary Attitudes and Changes E Salminen Et Almentioning
confidence: 98%