Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Drink and Serum Uric Acid Concentration in US Men and Women

Gao, Xiang; Qi, Lü; Qiao, Ning; Choi, Hyon K.; Curhan, Gary C.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Ascherio, Alberto

doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.091041

Cited by 168 publications

(134 citation statements)

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“…This is consistent with the increased consumption of fructose-containing beverages and the epidemic of diabetes and obesity [6]. In contrast to the metabolic effects of other sugars, fructose induces hyperuricemia through the stimulation of nucleotide catabo lism via the conversion of hepatic adenosine tri phosphate to adenosine diphosphate by fructokinase and it may retard urinary excretion of uric acid [7].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Comparing the Effects of Inorganic Nitrate and Allopurinol in Renovascular Complications of Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nitric Oxide and Uric Acid

Essawy¹

2012

Acta Endo (Buc)

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A b s t r a c tIntroduction: The epidemic of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide and correlates with elevation in serum uric acid and marked increase in total fructose intake. Fructose raises uric acid and the latter inhibits nitric oxide bioavailability. We hypothesized that fructose-induced hyperuricemia may have a pathogenic role in metabolic syndrome and treatment of hyperuricemia or increased nitric oxide may improve it. Material and methods: Two experiments were performed. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control diet or a high-fructose diet to induce metabolic syndrome. The latter received either sodium nitrate or allopurinol for 10 weeks starting with the 1 st day of fructose to evaluate the preventive role of the drugs or after 4 weeks to evaluate their therapeutic role. Results: A high-fructose diet was associated with significant (p < 0.05) hyperuricemia (5.9 ±0.5 mg/dl), hypertension (125.2 ±7.8 mm Hg), dyslipidemia and significant decrease in tissue nitrite (27.4 ±2.01 mmol/l). Insulin resistance, as manifested by HOMAIR (20.6 ±2.2) and QUICKI (0.23 ±0.01) indices, as well as adiposity index (12.9 ±1.1) was also significantly increased (p < 0.1). Sodium nitrate or allopurinol was able to reverse these features significantly (p < 0.05) in the preventive study better than the therapeutic study. Conclusions: Fructose may have a major role in the epidemic of metabolic syndrome and obesity due to its ability to raise uric acid. Either sodium nitrate or allopurinol can prevent this pathological condition by different mechanisms of action.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Comparing the Effects of Inorganic Nitrate and Allopurinol in Renovascular Complications of Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nitric Oxide and Uric Acid

Essawy¹

2012

Acta Endo (Buc)

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“…Fructose, by causing ATP depletion, can rapidly generate uric acid which can be detected in the blood within minutes of ingestion [40]. Chronic fructose feeding can also lead to increased uric acid levels [41,42] and intake of fructose correlates with uric acid levels in the population [43]. Furthermore, patients on a high fructose or sucrose diet show a greater uric acid response to a bolus of fructose [40,41] consistent with upregulation of KHK activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Ouyang

Cirillo

Sautin

et al. 2008

Journal of Hepatology

738

522

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BACKGROUND/AIMS-While the rise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) parallels the increase in obesity and diabetes, a significant increase in dietary fructose consumption in industrialized countries has also occurred. The increased consumption of high fructose corn syrup, primarily in the form of soft-drinks, is linked with complications of the insulin resistance syndrome. Furthermore, the hepatic metabolism of fructose favors de novo lipogenesis and ATP depletion. We hypothesize that increased fructose consumption contributes to the development of NAFLD.

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“…As a result, fructose, through increased levels of uric acid, may prevent the proper functioning of blood vessel gauge control pathways and contribute to elevated systemic blood pressure [30]. All Glyceraldehyde provides carbon chains for the production of pyruvate, which goes to the mitochondria where it is reduced to Acetyl-CoA.…”

Section: Sweet Poisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, fructose, through increased levels of uric acid, may prevent the proper functioning of blood vessel gauge control pathways and contribute to elevated systemic blood pressure [30]. All these mechanisms initially triggered by the transport of fructose into the hepatocyte are extremely relevant and contribute to the development of diseases such as hyperglycaemia, gout, endothelial inflammation and arterial hypertension [2,31].…”

Section: Sweet Poisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uric acid is a potent inhibitor of the nitric oxide synthase enzyme that acts on the production of nitric oxide by the conversion of arginine to citrulline [29]. Nitric oxide plays a key role in endothelial relaxation leading to vasodilation through increased lumen diameter of arteries.As a result, fructose, through increased levels of uric acid, may prevent the proper functioning of blood vessel gauge control pathways and contribute to elevated systemic blood pressure [30]. All Glyceraldehyde provides carbon chains for the production of pyruvate, which goes to the mitochondria where it is reduced to Acetyl-CoA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fructose Consumption in the Development of Obesity and the Effects of Different Protocols of Physical Exercise on the Hepatic Metabolism

Pereira

Botezelli

Rodrigues

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Fructose consumption has been growing exponentially and, concomitant with this, the increase in the incidence of obesity and associated complications has followed the same behavior.Studies indicate that fructose may be a carbohydrate with greater obesogenic potential than other sugars. In this context, the liver seems to be a key organ for understanding the deleterious health effects promoted by fructose consumption. Fructose promotes complications in glucose metabolism, accumulation of triacylglycerol in the hepatocytes and alterations in the lipid profile, which, associated with an inflammatory response and alterations in the redox state, will imply a systemic picture of insulin resistance. However, physical exercise has been indicated for the treatment of several chronic diseases. In this review, we show how each exercise protocol (aerobic, strength or a combination of both) promote improvements in the obesogenic state created by fructose consumption as an improvement in the serum and liver lipid profile (HDL increase and decrease TG and LDL levels) and a reduction of markers of inflammation caused by an excess of fructose. Therefore, it is concluded that the practice of aerobic physical exercise, strength or a combination of both is essential for attenuating the complications developed by the consumption of fructose.Keywords: fructose; obesity; liver, aerobic exercise, strength exercise, combined exercise. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 28 February 2017doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0103.v1Peer-reviewed version available at Nutrients 2017, 9, , 405; doi:10.3390/nu90404052 of 20 New story/old enemyThe high consumption of sugary beverages rich in fructose, is directly related to the development of obesity and its consequences, such as metabolic syndrome [1][2][3]. Concomitant with the increased incidence and prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, the consumption of fructose has increased around 30% in the last 40 years [4]. More specifically, because fructose is less able to promote satiety and is more palatable, it will stimulate a higher consumption of food [4], and alter the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, thereby favouring the synthesis and accumulation of fat [5]. The accumulation of adipose tissue has come to be considered a global public health problem. The hypertrophy of this tissue generates harmful effects on the organism through the secretion of various types of adipokines, and for this reason obesity happens to be considered one of the major risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome and, consequently, is listed as one of the most serious problems in relation to quality of life [6]. According to epidemiological data, it is expected that by 2025, approximately 18% of men and 21% of women worldwide will be considered obese [7]. With that in mind, since fructose consumption is strongly associated with the development of obesity, studies aimed at evaluating its role in the development of obesity are of paramount importance for a better und...

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Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Drink and Serum Uric Acid Concentration in US Men and Women

Cited by 168 publications

References 62 publications

Comparing the Effects of Inorganic Nitrate and Allopurinol in Renovascular Complications of Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nitric Oxide and Uric Acid

Comparing the Effects of Inorganic Nitrate and Allopurinol in Renovascular Complications of Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nitric Oxide and Uric Acid

Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Fructose Consumption in the Development of Obesity and the Effects of Different Protocols of Physical Exercise on the Hepatic Metabolism

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