Intake and Metabolism of Fluoride

Whitford, Gary M.

doi:10.1177/08959374940080011001

Cited by 195 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In 23 (69.6%) mean was >0.18 mg/l, and in 16 (48.4%) >0.2mg/l. The range of serum fluoride, acceptable as normal in fluorosis non-endemic areas, as given by one authority is 0.02 -0.18 mg/l and by another, is 0.08 -1.2 mg/l [9,12]. Hence the values we found in our study are well above these ranges.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The fluoride content of serum, in general, does not vary much according to time of day or night, or consumption of water, or fluoride containing drinks such as tea, because renal excretion is brisk, and fluoride homeostasis is achieved shortly [9]. So "spot samples" of blood are regarded as reasonably satisfactory for assessing fluoride levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of dental fluorosis among schoolchildren in three villages in Vavuniya District: an observational study

Rajapakse

Jayawardhane²,

Lokubandara³

et al. 2017

Ceylon Med. J.

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Background Studies of groundwater sources in Sri Lanka show that in the entire Northern, North Central, Uva and Eastern Provinces, and also in a large area of the North Western Province, groundwater fluoride content is within the range 1.0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l. The WHO recommended safe upper limit of fluoride for drinking water is 1.5 mg/l.Objective Our objective was to determine the prevalence and degree of dental fluorosis in a cohort of schoolchildren in Sinnasippikulam in Vavuniya District, the fluoride content in their serum and urine, and fluoride levels in drinking water in dug wells of the area.Methods Invitations in Tamil and Sinhala were sent to all households by courier. Demographic information and oral hygiene practices of 307 responsive children were recorded by interviewing children and their mothers. Detailed clinical examinations were performed according to WHO basic methods, with some modifications. Assessment of dental fluorosis in the children was done according to Dean's Index codes and criteria. Conclusions Our results show that harmful levels of fluoride are extremely common in groundwater sources in the study area, and consequently, dental fluorosis is highly endemic (72.9%) among resident schoolchildren.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of dental fluorosis among schoolchildren in three villages in Vavuniya District: an observational study

Rajapakse

Jayawardhane²,

Lokubandara³

et al. 2017

Ceylon Med. J.

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“…Existen variaciones en la apatita del esmalte por sustituciones del hidroxilo por iones de fluoruro y carbonato (2). La mayor proporción del fluoruro presente en la estructura dental proviene de su administración por vía sistémica, ya sea por fluoración del agua de consumo humano o de la sal de cocina, medidas de salud pública para la prevención de la caries dental (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estandarización de la técnica de biopsia para determinación de fluoruro en esmalte dental

Marín¹,

Castellanos²,

Tenuta³

et al. 2015

Rev. Sal. Bosq

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Introducción.El fluoruro incorporado en el esmalte dental durante el período preeruptivo refleja su exposición sistémica durante la amelogénesis, proponiéndose el esmalte como marcador biológico de exposición a fluoruros. En Colombia, no existen estudios en que se emplee la técnica de biopsia de esmalte, la cual permite determinar el gradiente de concentración de fluoruro por medio de la estructura del esmalte dental.<br />Objetivo. Estandarizar la técnica de biopsia de esmalte y determinar la concentración de fluoruro en el esmalte de dientes sanos no erupcionados.<br />Métodos.Previa firma del consentimiento informado, se recolectaron cinco terceros molares no erupcionados sanos y de cada uno se obtuvieron dos bloques de esmalte a partir del tercio medio de la corona, en sentido transversal. Todas las superficies de cada bloque fueron cubiertas con cera, excepto la superficie externa del esmalte. Cada bloque fue tratado con HCl 0,5 M por 15, 30, 60 y 120 segundos bajo agitación constante. Se determinó la concentración de fluoruro en cada extracto, usando un electrodo de ion específico para el fluoruro y, la masa de esmalte removido (gramos) se calculó tras el análisis espectrofotométrico de fósforo inorgánico en la muestra. Se determinó la concentración de fluoruro en cada capa de esmalte removido (mg F/g de esmalte) y en todo el esmalte removido (μg F/cm3).<br />Resultados.Se encontró un gradiente de concentración de fluoruro desde la superficie hacia el interior del esmalte, siendo mayor la concentración en la superficie (1.663,49±266,61 μg F/g de esmalte). La concentración total de fluoruro en el volumen de esmalte removido fue de 1,02±0,25 μg F/cm3.<br />Conclusiones.La técnica de biopsia de esmalte fue estandarizada. Similar a lo reportado en la literatura científica, existe un gradiente de concentración de fluoruro desde la superficie hacia el interior del esmalte sano.

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“…[61] Once absorbed, fluoride is rapidly distributed throughout the body via the circulation. Ingested fluoride is taken up from the bloodstream into bone, and can be released back into blood as bone is remodelled.…”

Section: Fluoride Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no apparent age-related differences in renal clearance rates between children and adults, [60] but renal insufficiency delays fluoride clearance. [61] Individuals with reduced glomerular filtration are likely to have increased plasma fluoride levels, and consequently, increased levels of fluoride in tissues, making them more susceptible to fluorosis (see section 4.6.5).…”

Section: Fluoride Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water fluoridation: It really is this simple

2017

Br Dent J

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(RSNZ), and the Ministry of Health, to review the scientific evidence for and against the efficacy and safety of fluoridation of public water supplies. After discussion between the parties, it was agreed that the Office of the PMCSA and the RSNZ would establish a panel to undertake a review. This review would adhere strictly to the scientific issues of safety and efficacy (or otherwise), but take into account the various concerns that have been raised in the public domain about the science and safety of fluoride. It would not consider the ethical and philosophical issues that have surrounded fluoridation and influenced legal proceedings lately. The Prime Minister gave his consent for the Office of the PMCSA to be involved and funding was provided by Councils through your office and by the Ministry of Health.We are pleased to advise the report is being delivered on the timetable agreed. ProcessGiven this is inevitably an issue that arouses passions and argument, we summarise in some detail the process used.As this was the first formal scientific review conducted jointly between the Office of PMCSA and the Royal Society a memorandum of understanding for the process was developed and has been followed.The essence of the process was that the PMCSA appointed an experienced literature researcher to undertake the primary research and literature reviews. Following an initial scoping that included an extensive reading of the literature (informal, grey and peer reviewed) on the subject, a draft table of contents was agreed between the PMCSA and the President of the RSNZ. The RSNZ then appointed a panel of appropriate experts across the relevant disciplines that was approved by the PMCSA.A member of civil society with expertise in local body issues, Ms Kerry Prendergast, was invited to be an observer to the panel and to be included in the discussions and drafting to be sure that it met local body needs. The scientific writer then produced an early partial draft of the report that was presented to a meeting of the expert panel, and their input was sought both as to framing and interpretation of the literature. The panel paid particular attention to the claims that fluoride had adverse effects on brain development, on the risks of cancer, musculoskeletal and hormonal disorders -being the major areas where claims about potential harms have been made. Over the following weeks, the panel members joined in an iterative process with the scientific writer to develop the report. In its advanced form all the members of the panel, together with the PMCSA and the President of the RSNZ, agreed via email exchange on the final wording of the report and its executive summary. In this form it was sent out for international peer review by appropriate scientific experts in Australia, UK and Ireland. Following their suggestions (which were minor and did not affect the panel's conclusions), the report and executive summary were returned to the panel for comment. Findings and recommendationsThe report and its executive summary are very clear i...

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Intake and Metabolism of Fluoride

Cited by 195 publications

References 50 publications

High prevalence of dental fluorosis among schoolchildren in three villages in Vavuniya District: an observational study

High prevalence of dental fluorosis among schoolchildren in three villages in Vavuniya District: an observational study

Estandarización de la técnica de biopsia para determinación de fluoruro en esmalte dental

Water fluoridation: It really is this simple

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