Insulin Response to Ingested Protein in Diabetes

Berger, Sheldon; Vongaraya, Nori

doi:10.2337/diab.15.5.303

Cited by 74 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…3). These findings are in keeping with previous observations in which comparable plasma levels of total a-amino nitrogen were observed in diabetic and control subjects after a protein meal (14,41). In contrast to the changes in total amino acids, the arterial increments in the branched chain amino acids were 30-50% greater in the diabetics than in controls.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Effect of protein ingestion on splanchnic and leg metabolism in normal man and in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Wahren¹,

Felig²,

Hagenfeldt³

1976

J. Clin. Invest.

354

138

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A B S T R A C T The inter-organ flux of substrates after a protein-rich meal was studied in seven healthy subjects and in eight patients with diabetes mellitus. Arterial concentrations as well as leg and splanchnic exchange of amino acids, carbohydate substrates, free fatty acids (FFA), and ketone bodies were examined in the basal state and for 3 h after the ingestion of lean beef (3 g/kg body wt). Insulin was withheld for 24 h before the study in the diabetic patients.In the normal subjects, after protein ingestion, there was a large amino acid release from the splanchnic bed predominantly involving the branched chain amino acids. Valine, isoleucine, and leucine accounted together for more than half of total splanchnic amino acid output. Large increments were seen in the arterial concentrations of the branched chain amino acids (100-200%) and to a smaller extent for other amino acids. Leg exchange of most amino acids reverted from a basal net output to a net uptake after protein feeding which was most marked for the branched chain amino acids. The latter accounted for more than half of total peripheral amino acid uptake. Alanine and glutamine were continuously taken up by the splanchnic tissues and released by the leg tissues after the protein meal, although This work was presented in part at the 67th Annual

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Effect of protein ingestion on splanchnic and leg metabolism in normal man and in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Wahren¹,

Felig²,

Hagenfeldt³

1976

J. Clin. Invest.

354

138

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show abstract

“…When an assay for serum insulin became available, Berger and Vongaraya reported that ingestion of protein (50-100 g casein or gelatin) by subjects both without or with type 2 diabetes resulted in an increase in insulin concentration, even though the glucose concentration did not increase (9). The insulin response was greater in subjects with diabetes.…”

Section: Dietary Protein Effect On Plasma Insulin and Glucagonmentioning

confidence: 98%

Amino acid ingestion and glucose metabolism—A review

2010

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SummaryInterest in the effect of proteins or amino acids on glucose metabolism dates back at least a century, largely because it was demonstrated that the amino acids from ingested protein could be converted into glucose. Indeed, these observations influenced the dietary information provided to people with diabetes. Subsequently it was shown that ingested protein did not raise the blood glucose concentration. It also was shown that proteins could stimulate a rise in insulin and glucagon but the response to various proteins was different. In addition, it was shown that individual amino acids also could stimulate a rise in insulin and in glucagon concentrations. When individual amino acids are ingested by normal subjects, there is an ordering of the insulin and glucagon responses. However, the order is not the same for insulin and glucagon. In addition, the metabolic response cannot be predicted based on the functional groups of the amino acids. Thus, empirical prediction of the metabolic response to ingested single amino acids is not possible. IUBMBIUBMB Life, 62(9): [660][661][662][663][664][665][666][667][668] 2010

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“…In this context, the role of the enteroinsular axis might be another factor responsible for the variation, but this has not yet been established. On the other hand, it was reported that insulin response to ingested protein was more marked in diabetic patients than in normal subjects (Berger and Vongaraya, 1966). Therefore, a little change in food nutrient could cause wide variations in U-CPR excretion even when a isocaloric diet was consumed by either normal or diabetic subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%