Insulin resistance, leptin and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels in diabetic and non-diabetic Afro-Caribbean subjects

Ezenwaka, Chidum E.; Nwagbara, E; Seales, D; Okali, F; Sell, Henrike; Eckel, Jürgen

doi:10.1080/13813450802676343

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…While levels of CCL2 did not correlate with insulin sensitivity in this study, it is known that CCL2 does cause insulin resistance when mice are infused directly with this chemokine, and there is some evidence that this is also the case in adult humans although the evidence is not conclusive [23,25,26]. It is quite important to follow our patients to see if they develop insulin resistance and how CCL2 levels correlate with this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Circulating CCL2 levels are increased in obese adults and children [21,22], and correlate positively with BMI and other inflammatory markers like C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 and negatively with High Density lipoprotein (HDL) [23]. CCL2 administration causes insulin resistance in mice [24], although there is conflicting evidence to its correlation with insulin resistance in adult humans [23,25,26]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 2 is a potential biomarker of inflammation & physical fitness in obese children: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundObesity is a global epidemic that is impacting children around the world. Obesity is a chronic inflammatory state with enhanced production of multiple cytokines and chemokines. Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 2 (CCL2) is produced by immune and metabolic cells and attracts immune cells into liver, muscle and adipose tissue, resulting in initiation and propagation of the inflammatory response in obesity. How obesity and fitness affect the production of this chemokine in children is unknown.This study tested the hypotheses that CCL2 levels are higher in obese children when compared to lean controls, and that fitness modulates CCL2 levels allowing its use as a biomarker of fitness.MethodsThis was a cross sectional case–control study conducted in a Pediatric Tertiary care center in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Controls were recruited from the community. This study recruited overweight/obese children (BMI ≥ 85th percentile, n = 18, 9 female, mean age 14.0 ± 2.6 years) and lean controls (BMI < 85th percentile, n = 18, 8 female, mean age 14.0 ± 2.6 years) matched for age, sex and biological maturation.Aerobic fitness test was done using a cycle ergometer performing the McMaster All-Out Progressive Continuous Cycling test to exhaustion to determine peak oxygen uptake. Fasting CCL2 samples were taken prior to test. Categorical variables including subject categorization into different aerobic fitness levels in overweight/obese and lean children was reported based on the median split in each group.ResultsObese participants had significantly higher CCL2 levels when compared to lean group (150.4 ± 61.85 pg/ml versus 112.7 ± 38 pg/ml, p-value 0.034).To establish if CCL2 is a biomarker of fitness, we divided the groups based on their fitness levels. There was a main effect for group (F (3,32) = 3.2, p = 0.036). Obese high fitness group were similar to lean unfit and fit participants. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the overweight/obese low fitness group had significantly higher level of CCL2 compared to the lean low fitness group when adjusted to age, sex and maturity offset (F (3,29) = 3.1, p = 0.04).ConclusionsCCL2 serves a dual role as a potential biomarker of inflammation and fitness in obese children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 2 is a potential biomarker of inflammation & physical fitness in obese children: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2013

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“…[37] This may be due the limited sample size both studies used. They sampled 43 nondiabetics while we sampled 80 nondiabetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between serum leptin and insulin resistance among obese Nigerian women

2016

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Background:Leptin is a hormone produced directly from adipocytes and has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). Due to the increasing prevalence of obesity in sub-Saharan Africa, serum leptin can be explored as a predictive risk factor for T2DM. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum leptin and IR among obese women.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of obese, adult Nigerian females. Participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 and nondiabetic were recruited as subjects. Fasting serum leptin, insulin, and plasma glucose were determined. IR was calculated using the formula: Homeostatic model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) = (glucose × insulin)/22.5. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and P < 0.05 was considered to be significant.Results:Eighty obese females with mean ± standard deviation BMI 39.1 ± 7.2 kg/m2 and serum leptin level 48.4 ± 24.4 ng/ml participated in study. Prevalence of hyperleptinemia was 92.5% (confidence interval: 87.3–97.7%). The relationship between leptin and HOMA-IR among the subjects was: BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2: n = 27, r = 0.18, P = 0.42; BMI 35–39.9 kg/m2: n = 24, r = 0.36, P = 0.11; BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2: n = 29, r = 0.52, P = 0.004*; and after controlling for BMI (n = 29, r = 0.46, P = 0.014*). Multiple linear regression showed that leptin did not predict for IR (P = 0.837).Conclusion:Serum leptin levels were positively correlated with IR, which was significant among the Class III (morbid) obesity class. However, leptin was not a predictive factor for IR in obese Nigerian women.

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“…The increased level of serum MCP-1 levels found in humans correlated with markers of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and increased serum concentration of triacylglycerol. 135 In diabetic patients CCR2 expression in monocytes is elevated. 136 …”

Section: Discovery Of a Novel Ccch Zinc-finger Protein Mcpip Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and the Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/CCR2 Pathway

Kolattukudy

Niu

2012

Circulation Research

217

148

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Numerous inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 that is expressed by mainly inflammatory cells and stromal cells such as endothelial cells, and its expression is upregulated following pro-inflammatory stimuli and tissue injury. MCP-1 can function as a traditional chemotactic cytokine and also regulates gene transcription. The recently discovered novel zinc-finger protein, called MCPIP (MCP-1-induced protein), which initiates a series of signaling events that causes oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to autophagy that can result in cell death or differentiation depending on the cellular context. After briefly reviewing the basic processes involved in inflammation, ER stress and autophagy, the recently elucidated role of MCP-1 and MCPIP in inflammatory diseases is reviewed. MCPIP was found to be able to control inflammatory response by inhibition of NFκB activation via its deubiquitinase activity or by degradation of mRNA encoding a set of inflammatory cytokines via its RNase activity. The potential inclusion of such a novel deubiquitinase in the emerging anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of inflammation related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes is briefly discussed.

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Insulin resistance, leptin and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels in diabetic and non-diabetic Afro-Caribbean subjects

Abstract: Routine measurement of leptin and MCP-1 would be potentially useful in assessment of patients for the metabolic syndrome or coronary heart disease especially in black population.

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 2 is a potential biomarker of inflammation & physical fitness in obese children: a cross-sectional study

Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 2 is a potential biomarker of inflammation & physical fitness in obese children: a cross-sectional study

Relationship between serum leptin and insulin resistance among obese Nigerian women

Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and the Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/CCR2 Pathway

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