Instrumental Analysis of Popular Botanical Products in the U.S. Market

Wang, Mingfu; Liang, Chia Pei; Wu, Qin; Simon, James E.; Ho, Chi-Tang

doi:10.1021/bk-2006-0925.ch004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dietary supplements together with functional foods are among the most rapidly growing sectors in the food and personal care product industry. This development is due to the loss of consumer confidence in the modern diet, the aging population, the increased trend toward self-medication, and finally an overall enhancement in health awareness and disease prevention among customers (19,20). According to the FDA, the worldwide market for dietary supplements is estimated at more than $60 billion (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Artichoke-Based Dietary Supplements and Pharmaceuticals by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Schütz

Muks

Carle

et al. 2006

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dietary supplements are among the most rapidly growing products in the food and personal care market with an estimated worldwide volume exceeding $60 billion. The main problem associated with dietary supplements is their legal classification. Being neither food nor medicine, they often inhabit a gray area between the two, which makes legal regulatory extremely difficult. Thus, a coexistence of products processed from the same botanical source on the same market as dietary supplement or pharmaceutical is possible. In the present study, various artichoke-based dietary supplements were investigated for their phenolic profile and compared to artichoke phytopharmaceuticals. Quantification of individual hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids was carried out by external calibration. For the first time, determination of several apigenin derivatives was included. Chlorogenic acid represented the major constituent in all samples investigated with the exception of juice derived from fresh flower heads, which exhibited a higher cynarin content. Furthermore, a distinction between products made from artichoke leaves or flower heads was possible. The results obtained revealed great diversity of pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements, highlighting the need of standardized quality requirements.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Artichoke-Based Dietary Supplements and Pharmaceuticals by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Schütz

Muks

Carle

et al. 2006

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Issues may range from sourcing to product labeling or product claims (Betz ; Ho and others ). For example, evaluations of quality of botanical ingredients and finished products have discovered numerous examples of product adulteration or failure to meet label claims of purity (Wang and others ; Sun and others ; Rebane and others ; Zacharis and others ; Haneef and others ; Li and others ; Posadzi and others 2013; Masada‐Atsumi and others ; Vaclavik and others ). To correlate the significance of these studies to the field of natural color additives, research was conducted internally by Sensient over a 4‐y period during which it evaluated 650 samples that were collected from various natural color suppliers intended for direct sale to the food, drug, or cosmetic industry.…”

Section: Color Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Standards on Colors from Natural Sources

Simon

Decker

Ferruzzi

et al. 2017

Journal of Food Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Color additives are applied to many food, drug, and cosmetic products. With up to 85% of consumer buying decisions potentially influenced by color, appropriate application of color additives and their safety is critical. Color additives are defined by the U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) as any dye, pigment, or substance that can impart color to a food, drug, or cosmetic or to the human body. Under current U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations, colors fall into 2 categories as those subject to an FDA certification process and those that are exempt from certification often referred to as "natural" colors by consumers because they are sourced from plants, minerals, and animals. Certified colors have been used for decades in food and beverage products, but consumer interest in natural colors is leading market applications. However, the popularity of natural colors has also opened a door for both unintentional and intentional economic adulteration. Whereas FDA certifications for synthetic dyes and lakes involve strict quality control, natural colors are not evaluated by the FDA and often lack clear definitions and industry accepted quality and safety specifications. A significant risk of adulteration of natural colors exists, ranging from simple misbranding or misuse of the term "natural" on a product label to potentially serious cases of physical, chemical, and/or microbial contamination from raw material sources, improper processing methods, or intentional postproduction adulteration. Consistent industry-wide safety standards are needed to address the manufacturing, processing, application, and international trade of colors from natural sources to ensure quality and safety throughout the supply chain.

show abstract

“…They are well known for their antioxidative and radical scavenging nature and even more for having various beneficial effects on human health (21). Because of these broad effects, there is an increasing demand for specific flavonoids in the cosmetic industry and the pharma-and nutraceutical industries (22)(23)(24). A major problem in meeting this demand arises from their limited availability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Screening of Metagenome and Genome Libraries for Detection of Novel Flavonoid-Modifying Enzymes

Rabausch

Jüergensen

Ilmberger

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The functional detection of novel enzymes other than hydrolases from metagenomes is limited since only a very few reliable screening procedures are available that allow the rapid screening of large clone libraries. For the discovery of flavonoid-modifying enzymes in genome and metagenome clone libraries, we have developed a new screening system based on high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). This metagenome extract thin-layer chromatography analysis (META) allows the rapid detection of glycosyltransferase (GT) and also other flavonoid-modifying activities. The developed screening method is highly sensitive, and an amount of 4 ng of modified flavonoid molecules can be detected. This novel technology was validated against a control library of 1,920 fosmid clones generated from a single Bacillus cereus isolate and then used to analyze more than 38,000 clones derived from two different metagenomic preparations. Thereby we identified two novel UDP glycosyltransferase (UGT) genes. The metagenome-derived gtfC gene encoded a 52-kDa protein, and the deduced amino acid sequence was weakly similar to sequences of putative UGTs from Fibrisoma and Dyadobacter. GtfC mediated the transfer of different hexose moieties and exhibited high activities on flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and stilbenes and also accepted isoflavones and chalcones. From the control library we identified a novel macroside glycosyltransferase (MGT) with a calculated molecular mass of 46 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence was highly similar to sequences of MGTs from Bacillus thuringiensis. Recombinant MgtB transferred the sugar residue from UDP-glucose effectively to flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, and flavanones. Moreover, MgtB exhibited high activity on larger flavonoid molecules such as tiliroside. For more than a decade, metagenome research has demonstrated that it is a powerful tool for the discovery of novel biocatalysts and other valuable biomolecules by using either function-or sequence-based screening technologies (1-3). Sequencebased approaches allow the identification of candidate genes. In particular, the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and improved bioinformatic tools have significantly advanced this methodology (4). However, a major drawback of sequence-based screening technologies is that they do not allow direct conclusions about the functionality and biochemical parameters of the encoded enzymes. Furthermore, sequence-based searches are limited to the identification of homologs of already known motifs (5). Yet another problem associated with the sequence-based approach is that it often reveals only partial genes, which make subsequent expression and detailed biochemical analysis of the gene products difficult if not impossible. In contrast, the function-driven approach is usually much slower and more labor-intensive and costly but results in the detection of complete and active enzyme clones. It is of course well known that function-driven metagenomics is hampered due to the problems of expressi...

show abstract

Instrumental Analysis of Popular Botanical Products in the U.S. Market

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Artichoke-Based Dietary Supplements and Pharmaceuticals by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Quantitative Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Artichoke-Based Dietary Supplements and Pharmaceuticals by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Establishing Standards on Colors from Natural Sources

Functional Screening of Metagenome and Genome Libraries for Detection of Novel Flavonoid-Modifying Enzymes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About