Instability of Chalk cliffs between the South Foreland and Kingsdown, Kent, in relation to geological structure

Middlemiss, F. A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(83)80003-0

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…With the bedding plane fractures, this makes four sets, of which only two are strictly orthogonal. Of more local records, those of Middlemiss (1983) on the Coniacian-Santonian chalk of the east Kent coast confirm the observations of Price, but are still compatible with Bevan and Hancock (1986) for the less prominent jointing.…”

Section: Types Of Fracturesupporting

confidence: 83%

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Real chalk balances the water supply

Hancock

Price

1990

Journal of Wine Research

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Section: Types Of Fracturesupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Middlemiss (1983) obtained figures of 301°-302° for the fractures in Kent. These orientations are those that are likely to apply to vineyards on the Chalk in England and France; the more variable results of Toynton (1983) on the Chalk of Norfolk can be ignored for our purpose.…”

Section: Types Of Fracturementioning

confidence: 99%

Real chalk balances the water supply

Hancock

Price

1990

Journal of Wine Research

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“…to the NW-trending mesofractures, and thus they permit a larger scale view of the possible extent of the system. A regionally developed system of NW-trending mesofractures has not been recognized previously, although a 130"-striking set of vertical joints was identified by Toynton (1983) in the chalk of northern Norfolk, and Middlemiss (1983) described 120-130" striking sets of vertical and steeply inclined joints cutting the chalk exposed on the east coast of Kent. Neither author interpreted the fracture sets in terms of mechanical classes or causative stress fields.…”

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confidence: 93%

A late Cenozoic regional mesofracture system in southern England and northern France

Bevan

Hancock

1986

JGS

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The Upper Cretaceous and Palaeogene rocks of S England and N France are cut by a NW-trending system of fractures, characterized by swarms of vertical extension joints accompanied by conjugate sets of hybrid and shear joints, and normal mesofaults. Many major photolineaments exhibit the same NW trend as the fractures, and are particularly conspicuous in N France where they are coincident with rectilinear drainage channels, suggesting a relationship between fracture orientation and physiography. In S England, this relationship is absent; possibly because of the influence of additional fracture systems related to major flexures trending obliquely to the NW-SE direction. These major E-W trending flexures and associated fracture systems were formed during the Oligocene to Early Miocene 'Helvetic' phase of deformation, and are cross-cut obliquely by fractures in the NW-trending system. The NW-trending fractures and lineaments are parallel to neotectonic normal faults in the Lower Rhine embayment, and become less well developed to the west with increasing distance from these major structures. The Lower Rhine faults were reactivated and propagated into the Quaternary cover as a consequence of NE-SW regional tension generated during the late Neogene to Recent 'Jura' phase of NW-SE Alpine convergence. The NW-trending extensional structures in S England and N France are considered to be of about the same age and related to the same stress regime as the neotectonic normal faults of the Lower Rhine embayment. However, because fractures of the NW-system cutting Palaeogene sediments in SE England are truncated by the erosion surface beneath the Plio-Pleistocene Red Crag deposits, it is possible that in England fracture initiation did not continue into Quaternary times.

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“…The former has an almost linear sliding surface, whereas the latter is along a circular plane. Planar sliding with a high-angle failure plane may be found on till cliffs, 125 ) chalk cliffs 126 , 127 ) and Pliocene mudstone cliffs. 2 ) Rotational slides can be categorized into ‘shallow-seated’ and ‘deep-seated’ slides, depending on the depth of the sliding surface.…”

Section: Slope Instabilities and Mass Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rocky coast processes: with special reference to the recession of soft rock cliffs

Sunamura

2015

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

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Substantial progress in research on the recession of coastal cliffs composed of soft materials has been made in recent years and data with higher accuracy have been accumulated. This paper provides the state of the art review in the recession studies and highlights two new findings obtained from the reanalysis of existing data. The review topics are: episodic and localized nature of cliff recession; the development of cliffline; the relationship between cliff height and recession rate; mechanisms of cliff toe erosion by waves; a fundamental equation for wave-induced toe erosion; factors controlling toe erosion; and slope instabilities and mass movements. The findings are presented on (1) the temporal change in cliffline recession mode and (2) the effect of beach sediment at the cliff base on the cliff erosion.

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Instability of Chalk cliffs between the South Foreland and Kingsdown, Kent, in relation to geological structure

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Real chalk balances the water supply

Real chalk balances the water supply

A late Cenozoic regional mesofracture system in southern England and northern France

Rocky coast processes: with special reference to the recession of soft rock cliffs

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