Inspection Guidelines for Bridge Post-Tensioning and Stay Cable Systems Using NDE Methods

Hurlebaus, Stefan; Hueste, Mary Beth D.; Karthik, Madhu M.; Terzioglu, Tevfik

doi:10.17226/24779

Cited by 16 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…In this method, to detect defects including corrosion, breaks, loss of cross-section, and pitting of steel components, the element is magnetized through the use of a strong external magnet [60]. The magnet source can be either a permanent or electrically activated magnet.…”

Section: Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing (Mfl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Testing Applications for Steel Bridges

et al. 2021

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The growing population and increasing demand for surface transportation have highlighted the importance of maintaining safe and reliable civil infrastructures for daily use. Among all civil infrastructures, bridges are one of the most important elements in the transportation system. As such, to prevent any failures caused by aging and environmental impacts, bridges require periodic inspections. This becomes even more critical due to climate change and its effect on bridges, especially in the coastal regions. Most of the inspections conducted incorporate the visual type of evaluation due to its simplicity. However, with the current developments in new technologies, there is a need for more advanced techniques of structural health monitoring (SHM) methods to be incorporated in the maintenance programs for more accurate and efficient surveys. In this paper, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods applicable to steel bridges are reviewed, with a focus on methods applicable to local damage detection. Moreover, the methodology, advantages and disadvantages, and up-to-date research on NDT methods are presented. Furthermore, the application of novel NDT techniques using innovative sensors, drones, and robots for the rapid and efficient assessment of damages on small and large scales is emphasized. This study is deemed necessary as it compiles in one place the available information regarding NDT methods for in-service steel bridges. Access to such information is critical for researchers who intend to work on new or improved NDT techniques.

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Section: Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing (Mfl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Testing Applications for Steel Bridges

et al. 2021

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“…Utilisation of this algorithm can be observed in numerous applications when it is necessary to select the most suitable variant according to the selected weights of partial parameters. An example can be the search for the optimal route for the transfer of oversized loads [ 38 ] by the team Wolnowska et al This procedure was also employed to evaluate the optimal NDT diagnosis method for testing the damage of prestressing units in an extensive study by Hurlebaus et al [ 39 ]. The utilisation of this algorithm is such a sensitive matter as the determination of damage of prestressing units documents the reliability and effectiveness of the AHP algorithm.…”

Section: Equipment and Software Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hammer Type on Generated Mechanical Signals in Impact-Echo Testing

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2021

Materials

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The impact-echo diagnostic method is a well-known nondestructive pulse compression test method, which can be relatively easily used for the testing of concrete and reinforced concrete elements. The evaluation of the measurement with this method is based on the analysis of the signal itself in the time and frequency domains. This allows acquisition of information on the velocity of the mechanical wave, the resonant frequency of the specimen or on the presence of internal defects. The ability to interpret these measurements depends on the experience of the diagnostic technician. The advent of classification algorithms in the field of machine learning has brought an increasing number of applications where the entire interpretation phase can be considerably simplified with the help of classification models. However, this automated evaluation procedure must be provided with the information of whether the signal acquired by the test equipment has actually been measured under optimally set conditions. This paper proposes a procedure for the mutual comparison of different measuring setups with a variable tip type, hammer handle and impact force. These three variables were used for a series of measurements which were subsequently compared with each other using multi-criteria evaluation. This offers a tool for the evaluation of measured data and their filtering. As an output of the designed method, each measurement is marked by a score value, which represents how well the acquired signal fit the weight demands for each observed feature of the signal. The method allows the adjustment of selected demands for a specific application by means of set thresholds. This approach enables the understanding of characteristics of the signal in the automated pre-processing of measured data, where computing power is limited. Thus, this solution is potentially suitable for remote long-term observations with sensor arrays or for acoustic emission signals pre-processing.

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“…The grout defects were implemented in SC1 and SC2 at their respective locations, and the remaining sections were grouted completely with normal grout. Further details about the stay cable specimen construction, defect fabrication, and defect placement may be found in Hurlebaus et al ( 6 ).…”

Section: Description Of Stay Cable Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NDE techniques are compared with the actual defects, and their effectiveness in identifying the grout defects is discussed. Further details of the stay cable specimens, location of defects, construction of the specimens, and the various NDE techniques used for evaluating the grout defects are discussed in detail in Hurlebaus et al ( 6 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Evaluation of Non-Strand Defects in Stay Cable Specimens

Karthik

Terzioglu

Jones

et al. 2018

Transportation Research Record

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Stay cable systems are used extensively for the construction of long-span bridges owing to their inherent advantages. In most cable-stayed bridges the steel strands within the main tension elements (MTEs) are grouted to provide a corrosion protection system. However, there could be segregated grout, voids, and water accumulation/infiltration within these voids in the ducts due to poor quality of the grouting material and grouting techniques. These locations may act as initiators for the corrosion of steel strands within the ducts, which can have serious implications on the load carrying capacity and safety of cable-stayed bridges. In this investigation, several nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are evaluated to determine their ability to detect grout defects within the anchorage regions, end caps, and MTEs of the stay cable system. Four stay cable specimen mock-ups with known grout defects and voids were fabricated. NDE methods that were part of this investigation included ground penetrating radar, infrared thermography, electrical capacitance tomography, impact echo, sounding, ultrasonic tomography, ultrasonic pulse velocity, low frequency ultrasound, visual testing, and borescope. While a few NDE methods could identify voids and water infiltration defects within the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) MTEs, it is evident that there is still a need for a method that is effective in detecting grout defects within the metal ducts embedded in the anchorage region and metal MTEs. Although visual testing and borescope methods are effective in identifying the defects, prior information about the location of the defects is generally required.

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Inspection Guidelines for Bridge Post-Tensioning and Stay Cable Systems Using NDE Methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Non-Destructive Testing Applications for Steel Bridges

Non-Destructive Testing Applications for Steel Bridges

Effect of Hammer Type on Generated Mechanical Signals in Impact-Echo Testing

Nondestructive Evaluation of Non-Strand Defects in Stay Cable Specimens

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