Insights into polymer crystallization and melting from fast scanning chip calorimetry

Toda, Akihiko; Androsch, René; Schick, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.03.038

Cited by 237 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…It has been reported that the nucleation rate takes a maximum value near the glass transition temperature for PCL . In addition, the number of heterogeneous nuclei decreases with increasing temperature leading to the formation of large spherulites . Application of Tammann's development method also reveals that nucleation and growth rate curves are clearly separated and the temperature of the maximum nucleation rate is lower than that of crystallization…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Structural change of metastable crystals proceeds during slow scanning of the temperature. Fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) is a powerful method to overcome this limitation and to investigate melting and crystallization kinetics in a wide temperature range without unwanted crystallization during temperature scanning . Researchers have also succeeded in analyzing melting and/or crystallization kinetics of polyethylene (PE), polyamide 6 (PA6), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization/Melting Kinetics and Morphological Analysis of Polyphenylene Sulfide

Furushima

Nakada

Yoshida

et al. 2017

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Crystallization and melting kinetics of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) are determined using fast scanning calorimetry. The temperature dependence of half‐time crystallization of isothermally melt‐crystallized PPS shows a downward convex curve with a minimum at 160 °C. The minimum crystallization half‐time is about 3 s. The analysis of heating rate dependence of the melting temperature reveals a zero‐entropy‐production melting temperature of the sample. The microstructure of the sample, which is prepared by fast scanning calorimetry, is investigated by small‐angle X‐ray scattering and polarizing optical microscopy. The crystallinity and lamellar thickness of the sample annealed for 400 s decrease with decreasing crystallization temperature. The size of spherulites becomes small as the isothermal temperature is decreased. Transcrystalline morphology is observed near the surface between the sample and nitrogen gas at a crystallization temperature of 120 °C. The thickness of the transcrystalline layer disappears as the isothermal temperature is increased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization/Melting Kinetics and Morphological Analysis of Polyphenylene Sulfide

Furushima

Nakada

Yoshida

et al. 2017

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…forming crystals at low melt supercooling and a mesophase at high melt supercooling . However, in the cases of iPP and PA, the polymorphism was explained by a qualitative change of the nucleation mechanism, namely heterogeneous nucleation prevailing at high crystallization temperature and homogeneous nucleation dominating at lower crystallization temperature . The change of the nucleation mechanism from heterogeneous to homogeneous in a rather narrow temperature range is connected with a tremendous increase of the nucleation density by nine orders of magnitude which hinders formation of crystals at low temperature, e.g.…”

Section: Crystallization Kinetics Of Pllamentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of α′‐/α‐crystal polymorphism on properties of poly(l‐lactic acid)

Lorenzo

Androsch

2018

Polymer International

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101

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Poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastic polyester produced from renewable sources, widely used for biomedical devices, in food packaging and in agriculture. It is a semicrystalline polymer, and as such its properties are strongly affected by the developed semicrystalline morphology. As a function of the crystallization temperature, PLLA can form different crystal modifications, namely α′‐crystals below about 120 °C and α‐crystals at higher temperatures. The α′ modification is therefore of special importance as it may be the preferred polymorph developing at processing‐relevant conditions. It is a metastable modification which typically transforms into the more stable α‐crystals on annealing at elevated temperature. The structure, kinetics of formation and thermodynamics of α′‐ and α‐crystals of PLLA are reviewed in this contribution, together with the effect of α′‐/α‐crystal polymorphism on the properties of PLLA. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…4 Nevertheless, the temperature range for direct isothermal crystallization studies using conventional calorimeters is, for most polymers, limited to regions close to the melting temperature, where crystallization is reasonably slow. 9 FSC has in the past been proven successful to achieve the goal for polyamide (PA), 11 poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), 12 polyethylene (PE), [13][14][15] poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), 16,17 isotactic polypropylene (iPP), [18][19][20][21] isotactic polystyrene (iPS), 22 poly L-lactic acid (PLLA), 23 PBT, [24][25][26][27] or poly (E2caprolactone) (PCL), [28][29][30][31] to name a few. Fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) is a powerful method to overcome this limitation and to investigate nucleation and crystal growth kinetics without unwanted crystallization during cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization kinetics of poly(butylene terephthalate) and its talc composites

Furushima¹,

Kumazawa

Umetsu

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Crystallization kinetics of poly (butylene terephthalate) (non-talc-PBT) and its 0.1 wt % talc composites (talc-PBT) was determined for a wide range of cooling rates and isothermal temperatures. The critical cooling rate to suppress crystallization is 2000 K s 21 for non-talc-PBT and 7000 K s 21 for talc-PBT. The cooling rate dependence of the total enthalpy change and heating rate dependence of enthalpy of cold crystallization are quantitatively discussed on the basis of the Ozawa's method. For isothermal crystallization, the annealing-temperature (T iso ) dependence of crystallization half-time (t 1/2 ) shows a bimodal curve with two minima. Talc shortens the t 1/2 at T iso above 340 K and acts as a heterogeneous nucleation agent. Tammann's approach revealed that the t 1/2 is shortened by pre-nucleation for non-talc-PBT but not for talc-PBT.

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Insights into polymer crystallization and melting from fast scanning chip calorimetry

Cited by 237 publications

References 175 publications

Crystallization/Melting Kinetics and Morphological Analysis of Polyphenylene Sulfide

Crystallization/Melting Kinetics and Morphological Analysis of Polyphenylene Sulfide

Influence of α′‐/α‐crystal polymorphism on properties of poly(l‐lactic acid)

Crystallization kinetics of poly(butylene terephthalate) and its talc composites

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