Insights into photocatalytic CO2 reduction on C3N4: Strategy of simultaneous B, K co-doping and enhancement by N vacancies

Atomic‐Level Reactive Sites for Semiconductor‐Based Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

“…2D graphitic carbon nitride has received significant research attention. Nitrogen and carbon vacancies are created in this material by annealing in an H 2 atmosphere, NH 3 atmosphere and in situ method. In nitrogen vacancy, abundant lone‐pair electrons are captured to facilitate adsorption and activation of molecules of CO 2 .…”

“…In situ DRIFTS shows that defective C 3 N 4 is favorable toward forming more CO 2 − . The electron‐rich surface of C 3 N 4 introduced by N vacancy facilitates the charge transfer to CO 2 and promotes reduction . In addition, the carbon vacancy in C 3 N 4 can serve as CO 2 adsorption sites.…”

“…The electron-rich surface of C 3 N 4 introduced by N vacancy facilitates the charge transfer to CO 2 and promotes reduction. [64] In addition, the carbon vacancy in C 3 N 4 can serve as CO 2 adsorption sites. When a CO 2 molecule is adsorbed on the carbon vacancy of C 3 N 4 , the bond length in CO is increased from 1.169 to 1.177 Å.…”

Recent advancements in g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction: a mini review

“…Although it has numerous Lewis base sites, e.g., Brønsted base sites and nucleophile sites that are favourable for CO 2 adsorption, bulk g-C 3 N 4 prepared by direct calcination has a relatively small surface area. Therefore, several modications including structural tuning, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] elemental doping, [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] addition of cocatalyst, [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] and compositing [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] have been used to increase the adsorption and obtain more effective charge separation.…”

A nine-fold enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production of g-C3N4 with TCNQ by forming a conjugated structure

“…Nonetheless, the fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and narrow absorption in the visible region (up to 460 nm) limit its application. 3,[6][7][8] Therefore, various modication methods of g-C 3 N 4 have been developed aiming to promote its photocatalytic performance, such as chemical heteroatom doping (B, S, and P), [9][10][11][12] morphology control, 13,14 dye sensitization, [15][16][17][18] defect engineering, and g-C 3 N 4 heterojunctions. 2 Herein, we introduce a highly conjugated polymer, TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane), with plenty of cyano groups.…”