Insight look the subsidence impact to infrastructures in Jakarta and Semarang area; Key for adaptation and mitigation

Abstract

Abstract. Land subsidence is not a new phenomenon for Jakarta and Semarang areas. According to some publications, the value of Jakarta's subsidence may reach 2-4 meter in certain place. Meanwhile, more than 2 meter of subsidence is taking place in northern part of Semarang. Some techniques are being used to derive land subsidence information in these areas such as repeated leveling measurements, GPS surveys, and InSAR measurements. The impact of land subsidence in Jakarta and Semarang could be seen in several ways, such as sea inundation ("Rob" in Javanese), problem on infrastructures, the wider expansion of flooding areas, etc. Cracking on housing, street, "sinking" on the bridges and dyke, problems on drainage are examples of infrastructures problems due to the land subsidence. Huge costs have already been spent to fixing those infrastructures problems both in Jakarta and Semarang. Since mostly liniear pattern of land subsidence are recognized in both area today and probably in the next years to come, in this case the impact especially on infrastructures are probably will getting worse. Insight look the subsidence impact to the infrastuctures in Jakarta and Semarang area would raisen the concern, and become key for adaptation and mitigation.

Investigating the tectonic influence to the anthropogenic subsidence along northern coast of Java Island Indonesia using GNSS data sets

“…al [18], Andreas et. al [19][20]. It also badly influences the quality and amenity of the living environment and life (e.g.…”

Sustainability Prediction Model for Capital City Relocation in Indonesia Based on Inclusive Wealth and System Dynamics

“…There are several previous examples of capital relocation of administrative centers: Australia, Brazil, Nigeria, Malaysia, and Myanmar [5,[26][27][28]. This paper sets seven criteria that impact population growth in both the former and the new capital city in order to select cases similar to Indonesia's, including: (1) objectives of the relocation, (2) transferred functions, (3) condition of the former capital city after the relocation, (4) geographical location of the new capital city, (5) distance between the former and the new capital city, (6) size of expenditure for relocation, and (7) type of government at time of relocation. Based on these criteria, the relocation in Brazil can be considered the most similar case to Indonesia [26,29,30].…”

“…(2) it will help slow down environmental degradation such as air and water pollution, (3) it will help make Jakarta less vulnerable to natural disaster risks such as earthquakes and/or tsunamis, volcanos, and floods; (4) it will mitigate the levels of economic and population concentration; and (5) it will relieve land subsidence caused by the pumping of groundwater [3,4]. The as-yet-unnamed new capital city (NCC) in East Kalimantan, unlike Jakarta, is located in the geographical center of Indonesia, which is expected to enhance the national motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, or unity in diversity, with its 300 ethnic groups; it would also reduce the likelihood of severe impacts from natural disasters compared to most areas in Indonesia [5]. Kalimantan (Borneo) Island, however, has one of the oldest and largest tropical rainforests in the world, which has faced rapid deforestation since 2000, leading to a decline in native species such as the orangutan and the proboscis monkey [6,7].…”

Do we care enough? revisiting land subsidence and coastal spatial planning policy in Semarang, Indonesia

“…This part would try to identify the first research question in this paper, understanding the importance of land subsidence in the coastal spatial planning policy of Semarang. It had already academically shouted that land subsidence is currently happening in Semarang, and more severe occurs in the coastal area [5,10,18,21,22,34,35]. Meanwhile, it found that the term "land subsidence" was rarely mentioned in the selected documents.…”