Insight into the local source of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the developing Tibetan Plateau: The composition and transport around the Lhasa landfill

Formal waste treatment facilities as a source of halogenated flame retardants and organophosphate esters to the environment: A critical review with particular focus on outdoor air and soil

“…For example, in northern Canada, the average concentration of ∑60PBDEs was 131 ng•g -1 dw in surface soils impacted by waste dumpsites and landfills, while in background areas an average PBDE concentration of 1.94 ng•g -1 dw was identified (Danon-Schaffer et al, 2008). Furthermore, although concentrations of PBDEs (sum of ; range: 0.13-1.2 ng•g -1 dw) in surface soils were much lower from a municipal landfill site in Tibet, China than elsewhere, the PBDE concentrations were still 3 orders of magnitude higher than the background values measured in soils from the Tibetan Plateau, and elevated PBDE concentrations were observed in soils collected from 9.2 km away from the landfill (Li et al, 2018b).…”

“…Based on principal components analysis and multiple linear regression, the authors concluded that the higher PBDE concentrations in soils from the landfill could be explained by atmospheric dispersion (accounting for 61% of the total concentrations) and leachate seepage (accounting for 39% of the total concentrations) (Li et al, 2018b). These results provide further evidence of PBDE emissions arising from municipal landfill disposal activities.…”

Occurrence and Probable Sources of Urban-Use Insecticides in Marine Sediments off the Coast of Los Angeles

“…To discern the potential sources of pyrethroids and fiproles to the PV Shelf, principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted. Multivariate statistical techniques like PCA are powerful tools to identify sources contributing to observed contamination and have been often used to infer the factors that influence contaminant distribution in the environment. − The two sets of factor scores created for each location and their spatial distributions were mapped for the entire shelf (Figure ).…”

“…Statistical analysis was carried out using both SigmaPlot 12 and SSPS 19.0. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to cluster occurrence of pesticides and for source elucidation. , In this study, population index and the natural log of the distance from the White Point outfall, combined with the TOC normalized concentrations, were used in the PCA analysis. Several different methods were initially tested to assess population index (PD) in this study, and the final method used was where P is population of one of four nearby cities (Rancho Palos Verdes, Palos Verdes Estates, San Pedro, and Lomita, CA) and D is the distance in km between each city and the sampling locations.…”

“…Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to cluster occurrence of pesticides and for source elucidation. 30,31 In this study, population index and the natural log of the distance from the White Point outfall, combined with the TOC normalized concentrations, were used in the PCA analysis. Several different methods were initially tested to assess population index (PD) in this study, 32 and the final method used was…”