Inside minds, beneath diseases: social cognition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal spectrum disorder

Lillo, Patricia; Caramelli, Paulo; Musa, Gada; Parrao, Teresa; Hughes, Ricardo; Aragon, Andres; Valenzuela, Daniel; Cea, Gabriel; Aranguiz, Rafael; Guimarães, Henrique Cerqueira; Rousseff, Laura; Gambogi, Leandro Boson; Mariano, Luciano Inácio; Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio; Slachevsky, Andrea; Souza, Leonardo Cruz de

doi:10.1136/jnnp-2020-324302

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ALS sample sizes are relatively small in most studies: only one study has more than one-hundred patients [25]; four studies have 50-100 included patients [2,16,26,27]; nineteen studies have 20-50 patients [9,18,19,24,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]; thirteen studies recruited 10-20 ALS patients [21][22][23][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]; two studies had 2-10 patients [52,53]. Two were single case studies [17,20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some articles showed in ALS with cognitive or behavioral impairments subgroups lower performances than control participants in emotion recognition tasks, while the ALS total group was not impaired [35,36]. Differently, other studies found a similar proportion of patients with and without cognitive/behavioral deficits among those who presented impaired recognition of emotions according to facial expressions or story-based emotion recognition tests [23,31].…”

Section: Relationship Between Emotional and Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The majority of reviewed studies investigated emotion recognition in ALS by means of static facial expressions of emotions [2,9,16,19,20,23,24,27,28,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38]40,43,44,46,47,[49][50][51]54]. Other studies evaluated emotion recognition abilities through static scenes [2,21,32,44], dynamic social vignettes [17][18][19][20]27,38], written stories [40,41], and vocal prosody [20,23,48,54].…”

Section: Emotion Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional Processing and Experience in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic and Critical Review

et al. 2021

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Even though increasing literature describes changes in emotional processing in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), efforts to summarize relevant findings are lacking in the field. A systematic literature review was performed to provide a critical and up-to-date account of emotional abilities in ALS. References were identified by searches of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus (1980–2021, English literature), with the following key terms: (“Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis” or “Primary Lateral Sclerosis” or “Motor Neuron”) and “Emotion*” and (“Processing” or “Attribution” or “Elaboration” or “Perception” or “Recognition”). Studies concerning only caregivers, pseudobulbar affect, and social cognition were excluded. Forty-one articles were included, all concerning ALS, and seven topics were identified: Emotion recognition, Emotional responsiveness, Emotional reactivity, Faces approachability rating, Valence rating, Memory for emotional materials and Alexithymia. The majority of these aspects have only been sparsely addressed. The evidence confirms altered emotional processing in ALS. The most consistent findings regard the recognition of facial expressions for negative emotions, but also alterations in the subjective responsiveness to emotional stimuli (arousal, valence and approachability), in psychophysiological and cerebral reactivity and in emotional memory, together with alexithymia traits, were reported. According to this evidence, emotional abilities should be included in the clinical assessment and therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Emotional and Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Emotion Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional Processing and Experience in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic and Critical Review

et al. 2021

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“…Numerous studies on social cognition in patients with FTD have been carried out in LAC, especially the relation to moral judgment, theory of mind, and the recognition of emotions ( 53 , 183 – 187 , 198 , 199 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges

et al. 2022

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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common form of dementia across all age groups and is a leading cause of early-onset dementia. The Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a spectrum of diseases that are classified according to their clinical presentation and patterns of neurodegeneration. There are two main types of FTD: behavioral FTD variant (bvFTD), characterized by a deterioration in social function, behavior, and personality; and primary progressive aphasias (PPA), characterized by a deficit in language skills. There are other types of FTD-related disorders that present motor impairment and/or parkinsonism, including FTD with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The FTD and its associated disorders present great clinical heterogeneity. The diagnosis of FTD is based on the identification through clinical assessments of a specific clinical phenotype of impairments in different domains, complemented by an evaluation through instruments, i.e., tests and questionnaires, validated for the population under study, thus, achieving timely detection and treatment. While the prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is increasing rapidly, there is still a lack of standardized instruments and consensus for FTD diagnosis. In this context, it is important to review the published tests and questionnaires adapted and/or validated in LAC for the assessment of cognition, behavior, functionality, and gait in FTD and its spectrum. Therefore, our paper has three main goals. First, to present a narrative review of the main tests and questionnaires published in LAC for the assessment of FTD and its spectrum in six dimensions: (i) Cognitive screening; (ii) Neuropsychological assessment divided by cognitive domain; (iii) Gait assessment; (iv) Behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms; (v) Functional assessment; and (vi) Global Rating Scale. Second, to propose a multidimensional clinical assessment of FTD in LAC identifying the main gaps. Lastly, it is proposed to create a LAC consortium that will discuss strategies to address the current challenges in the field.

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“…Social cognition deficits seem to be a critical marker of the disease. Reports from LAC in this domain have shown neurocognitive deficits in FTD related tofacial emotion recognition ( 106 – 109 ), empathy ( 34 , 110 – 112 ), theory of mind ( 106 , 107 , 112 ), moral judgment ( 35 , 113 ), moral emotions ( 114 ), and interoception ( 115 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review: Genetic, Neuroimaging, and Fluids Biomarkers for Frontotemporal Dementia Across Latin America Countries

et al. 2021

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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a group of clinically, genetically, and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, affecting the fronto-insular-temporal regions of the brain. Clinically, FTD is characterized by progressive deficits in behavior, executive function, and language and its diagnosis relies mainly on the clinical expertise of the physician/consensus group and the use of neuropsychological tests and/or structural/functional neuroimaging, depending on local availability. The modest correlation between clinical findings and FTD neuropathology makes the diagnosis difficult using clinical criteria and often leads to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis, primarily due to lack of recognition or awareness of FTD as a disease and symptom overlap with psychiatric disorders. Despite advances in understanding the underlying neuropathology of FTD, accurate and sensitive diagnosis for this disease is still lacking. One of the major challenges is to improve diagnosis in FTD patients as early as possible. In this context, biomarkers have emerged as useful methods to provide and/or complement clinical diagnosis for this complex syndrome, although more evidence is needed to incorporate most of them into clinical practice. However, most biomarker studies have been performed using North American or European populations, with little representation of the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region. In the LAC region, there are additional challenges, particularly the lack of awareness and knowledge about FTD, even in specialists. Also, LAC genetic heritage and cultures are complex, and both likely influence clinical presentations and may modify baseline biomarker levels. Even more, due to diagnostic delay, the clinical presentation might be further complicated by both neurological and psychiatric comorbidity, such as vascular brain damage, substance abuse, mood disorders, among others. This systematic review provides a brief update and an overview of the current knowledge on genetic, neuroimaging, and fluid biomarkers for FTD in LAC countries. Our review highlights the need for extensive research on biomarkers in FTD in LAC to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease and its associated biomarkers. Dementia research is certainly reduced in the LAC region, highlighting an urgent need for harmonized, innovative, and cross-regional studies with a global perspective across multiple areas of dementia knowledge.

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Inside minds, beneath diseases: social cognition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal spectrum disorder

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Emotional Processing and Experience in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic and Critical Review

Emotional Processing and Experience in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic and Critical Review

Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges

Systematic Review: Genetic, Neuroimaging, and Fluids Biomarkers for Frontotemporal Dementia Across Latin America Countries

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