“…Figure 1 illustrates the central claim of this paper that large inside debt holdings encourage managers to act conservatively, resulting in lower risk and smaller losses during the crisis. Second, this paper contributes to currently existing working papers on inside debt and bank risk (e.g., Tung and Wang (2010), Bennett, Güntay, and Unal (2015)) by its attempts to address empirical issues related to attrition bias, selection bias, and identification problems arising from the endogenous nature of compensation. It also complements previous proposals to shift compensation away from equitybased incentives by tying it directly to the federal deposit insurance premium (John, Saunders, and Senbet (2000)), the value of debt-like instruments (Bebchuk and Spamann (2010)), a bank's credit default swap spread (Bolton et al (2015)), or the pricing of government guarantees (Carpenter, Cooley, and Walter (2011)).…”