Insecticide resistance status of Myzus persicae in Greece: long‐term surveys and new diagnostics for resistance mechanisms

Abstract

The aphid retains costly resistance mechanisms even in the absence of pressure from certain insecticides, which could be attributed to factors related to climate and genetic properties of the populations. The indication of build-up of resistance/tolerance to neonicotinoids, related to CYP6CY3 overexpression, is a matter of concern. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

Evolution of imidacloprid resistance in Myzus persicae in Greece and susceptibility data for spirotetramat

“…In our previous study, the R81T mutation was not found in 283 M. persicae s.l. clones collected in Greece during 2012–2013, but P450‐mediated detoxification was found to be involved in the neonicotinoid resistance of the samples examined in that study. The R81T mutation is, however, widespread in populations from peach in southern France, northern Spain and Italy (also in some samples from herbaceous hosts; see Bass et al .…”

“…Resistance genes may be maintained in the parthenogenetic phase of the typical aphid's life cycle during the growing season or in long persistent asexual populations through many years. Indeed, populations/genotypes that exhibit all or most of the resistance mechanisms are not uncommon in Greece and their control with conventional chemical insecticides is becoming difficult . Thus, regular monitoring of the aphid populations accompanied with historical data (see, for example, the evolution of carboxylesterase genes and associated chromosomal rearrangements in the nicotianae populations in Greece) helps to advise for the potential of resistance development and provide information for efficient pest control and resistance management.…”

“…Genomic DNA was extracted from individual aphids using the sodium hydroxide method . A new RFLP‐based diagnostic was used for the detection of the R81T mutation in 776 aphids collected in the years 2012–2015. In addition, 198 aphids from 2015–2016 were examined with a real‐time TaqMan assay .…”

“…They have been a valuable tool for pest control; however, as with other classes, their extensive and widespread use has led to cases of resistance which can compromise successful control . In Greece, studies on populations mostly from peach and tobacco during the periods 1998–2007 and 2012–2013 revealed high resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids with several clones/field samples also exhibiting resistance to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid . Elsewhere, neonicotinoid resistance in M. persicae has been associated with P450‐mediated detoxification due to the amplification of the CYP6CY3 P450 gene and to the R81T mutation in the nAChR β sub‐unit that makes the target‐protein insensitive .…”

Effect of synthetic insecticides on the larvae of Coccinella septempunctata from Greek populations

“…Foster et al (2007), in their review, cite 13 resistant species, some of them being resistant to six different insecticide groups such as neonicotinoid, pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides. Among these species important pests are included, such as: M. persicae (Margaritopoulos et al 2007;Kati et al 2014;Voudouris et al 2016Voudouris et al , 2017, A. gossyppii (Shi et al 2011;Herron and Wilson 2011), and Aphis fabae (Scopoli) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Ioannidis 2000).…”