Insecticide Resistance in Field Population of Cotton Leaf Hopper,  Amrasca devastans (Dist.) in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Mahalakshmi, M. S.; Prasad, N. V. V. S. D.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.906.361

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In case of an attack by a major pest such as a boll weevil, farmers may apply up to fifteen (15) insecticide sprays per season because of clear decisions or guidance about the insect population threshold estimation [76,77]. Unfortunately, managing major cotton pests is complex as most farmers and advisors use informal knowledge to control the dynamics of such pests [78][79][80][81][82][83]. The recent shift from deep fallowing/plowing to reduced or no-till farming practices has also been linked to severe pest prevalence and attack consistency [84].…”

Section: Urgent Need For Iot Towards Worldwide Major Cotton Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Successes and Impeding Challenges of IoT-Based Insect Pest Detection Systems for Estimating Agroecosystem Health and Productivity of Cotton

Kiobia

Mwitta

Fue

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Using artificial intelligence (AI) and the IoT (Internet of Things) is a primary focus of applied engineering research to improve agricultural efficiency. This review paper summarizes the engagement of artificial intelligence models and IoT techniques in detecting, classifying, and counting cotton insect pests and corresponding beneficial insects. The effectiveness and limitations of AI and IoT techniques in various cotton agricultural settings were comprehensively reviewed. This review indicates that insects can be detected with an accuracy of between 70 and 98% using camera/microphone sensors and enhanced deep learning algorithms. However, despite the numerous pests and beneficial insects, only a few species were targeted for detection and classification by AI and IoT systems. Not surprisingly, due to the challenges of identifying immature and predatory insects, few studies have designed systems to detect and characterize them. The location of the insects, sufficient data size, concentrated insects on the image, and similarity in species appearance are major obstacles when implementing AI. Similarly, IoT is constrained by a lack of effective field distance between sensors when targeting insects according to their estimated population size. Based on this study, the number of pest species monitored by AI and IoT technologies should be increased while improving the system’s detection accuracy.

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Section: Urgent Need For Iot Towards Worldwide Major Cotton Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Successes and Impeding Challenges of IoT-Based Insect Pest Detection Systems for Estimating Agroecosystem Health and Productivity of Cotton

Kiobia

Mwitta

Fue

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…The cotton leaf hopper Amrasca devastans (Distant) (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera) is one of the most significant, persistent, and worrying insect pests in Southern Tamil Nadu, inflicting both quantitative and qualitative losses in more than 162 economically important agricultural crops [22,23]. Insecticidal resistance to this was reported in India by various authors [24]. Hence, it is imperative to seek environmentally friendly alternative options like drifted seaweed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Activity of Tannins from Selected Brown Macroalgae against the Cotton Leafhopper Amrasca devastans

Petchidurai,

Sahayaraj,

Al-Shuraym

et al. 2023

Plants

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Seaweeds, also known as marine macroalgae, are renewable biological resources that are found worldwide and possess a wide variety of secondary metabolites, including tannins. Drifted brown seaweed (DBSW) is particularly rich in tannins and is regarded as biological trash. The cotton leaf hopper Amrasca devastans (Distant) has caused both quantitative and qualitative losses in cotton production. Drifted brown seaweeds (DBSWs) were used in this study to extract, qualitatively profile, and quantify the levels of total tannins, condensed tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and phlorotannins in the seaweeds; test their insecticidal activity; and determine the mechanism of action. The largest amount of tannin extract was found in Sargassum wightii Greville (20.62%) using the Soxhlet method (SM). Significantly higher amounts of hydrolyzable tannins (p = 0.005), soluble phlorotannins (p = 0.005), total tannins in the SM (p = 0.003), and total tannins in the cold percolation method (p = 0.005) were recorded in S. wightii. However, high levels of condensed tannins (CTAs) were observed in Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh (p = 0.004). A. devastans nymphs and adults were examined for oral toxicity (OT) and contact toxicity (CT) against DBSW tannin crude extract and column chromatographic fractions 1 (Rf = 0.86) and 2 (Rf = 0.88). Stoechospermum polypodioides (J.V. Lamouroux) J. Agardh crude tannin was highly effective against A. devastans using the OT method (LC50, 0.044%) when compared with the standard gallic acid (LC50, 0.044%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.122%). Similarly, S. wightii fraction 2 (LC50, 0.007%) showed a greater insecticidal effect against A. devastans adults in OT than gallic acid (LC50, 0.034%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.022%). The mechanism of action results show that A. devastans adults treated with crude tannin of T. ornata had significantly decreased amylase, protease (p = 0.005), and invertase (p = 0.003) levels when compared with the detoxification enzymes. The levels of glycosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, esterase, lipase, invertase, and acid phosphate activities (p = 0.005) of S. wightii were reduced when compared with those of the Vijayneem and chemical pesticide Monocrotophos. In adult insects treated with LC50 concentrations of S. wightii tannin fraction 1, the total body protein (9.00 µg/µL) was significantly reduced (OT, LC50—0.019%). The SDS-PAGE analysis results also show that S. wightii tannin fraction 1 (OT and CT), fraction 2 (OT), and S. polypodioides fraction 2 (CT) had a significant effect on the total body portion level, appearance, and disappearance of some proteins and polypeptides. This study shows that the selected brown macroalgae can be utilized for the safer management of cotton leaf hoppers.

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“…Seed treatment with neonicotinoids protects the cotton plants from leafhopper damage for 40-60 days. However, resistance against neonicotinoid group of insecticides has been widely reported in cotton jassid (Kshirsagar et al 2012;Sagar and Balikai 2014;Halappa and Patil 2016;Mahalakshmi and Prasad 2020). Besides the development of resistance to insecticides, chemical control measure causes environmental pollution, adverse effects on nontarget insects, the resurgence of secondary pests and enhances the cost of cultivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance and molecular tagging of genes introgressed from Gossypium arboreum to G. hirsutum for leafhopper tolerance

Jindal

Pathak

Pandher

et al. 2022

J Genet

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Cotton cultivation is conquered by transgenic Bt upland cotton hybrids in India. Bt gene does not provide resistance against sucking insect pests. Due to the inherent vulnerability of extant Bt cotton hybrids to sap-sucking insect pests including leafhopper, upland cotton cultivation is seriously threatened by surging populations of these pests. Consistent and extensive screening of upland cotton germplasm over the years has revealed absence of adequate resistance against leafhopper. Here, we report introgression of leafhopper tolerance from a diploid A-genome cotton species, Gossypium arboreum into G . hirsutum . The dominance of leafhopper tolerance was observed over its susceptibility. Genetic analysis revealed that tolerance to leafhopper was inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion and was controlled by two genes, either singly or in combination. Using bulked segregant analysis, two simple-sequence repeat markers, namely NAU 922 and BNL 1705, located on chromosomes A5 and A11 respectively, were tagged with leafhopper tolerance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular tagging of leafhopper tolerance introgressed from G . arboreum into G . hirsutum . A significant negative association was observed between leaf trichome density and leafhopper nymph population.

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Insecticide Resistance in Field Population of Cotton Leaf Hopper, Amrasca devastans (Dist.) in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

A Review of Successes and Impeding Challenges of IoT-Based Insect Pest Detection Systems for Estimating Agroecosystem Health and Productivity of Cotton

A Review of Successes and Impeding Challenges of IoT-Based Insect Pest Detection Systems for Estimating Agroecosystem Health and Productivity of Cotton

Insecticidal Activity of Tannins from Selected Brown Macroalgae against the Cotton Leafhopper Amrasca devastans

Inheritance and molecular tagging of genes introgressed from Gossypium arboreum to G. hirsutum for leafhopper tolerance

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