Inorganic nitrite alters mitochondrial dynamics without overt changes in cell death and mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyoblasts under hyperglycemia

Anand, C.R.; Bhavya, Bharathan; Jayakumar, K.; Harikrishnan, V. S.; Gopala, Srinivas

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105048

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…In addition, nitrite and NO as signal molecules at very low concentrations are perceived by completely different sensing systems, through which they are linked to different biological processes [22,161]. Moreover, in recent years, nitrite has been gradually rediscovered as a beneficial molecule, either endogenously formed or therapeutically added [162,163]. Nitrite (nebulized sodium nitrite) is currently in a phase 2b clinical trial as a drug for pulmonary hypertension treatment on the basis of the finding that it could be safely applied to reach millimolar concentrations in the airway surface liquid [164].…”

Section: Hcos Are Primary Targets Of Nitrite But Not No In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Interplay of Heme-Copper Oxidases with Nitrite and Nitric Oxide

Chen

Xie

Huang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Nitrite and nitric oxide (NO), two active and critical nitrogen oxides linking nitrate to dinitrogen gas in the broad nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, are capable of interacting with redox-sensitive proteins. The interactions of both with heme-copper oxidases (HCOs) serve as the foundation not only for the enzymatic interconversion of nitrogen oxides but also for the inhibitory activity. From extensive studies, we now know that NO interacts with HCOs in a rapid and reversible manner, either competing with oxygen or not. During interconversion, a partially reduced heme/copper center reduces the nitrite ion, producing NO with the heme serving as the reductant and the cupric ion providing a Lewis acid interaction with nitrite. The interaction may lead to the formation of either a relatively stable nitrosyl-derivative of the enzyme reduced or a more labile nitrite-derivative of the enzyme oxidized through two different pathways, resulting in enzyme inhibition. Although nitrite and NO show similar biochemical properties, a growing body of evidence suggests that they are largely treated as distinct molecules by bacterial cells. NO seemingly interacts with all hemoproteins indiscriminately, whereas nitrite shows high specificity to HCOs. Moreover, as biologically active molecules and signal molecules, nitrite and NO directly affect the activity of different enzymes and are perceived by completely different sensing systems, respectively, through which they are linked to different biological processes. Further attempts to reconcile this apparent contradiction could open up possible avenues for the application of these nitrogen oxides in a variety of fields, the pharmaceutical industry in particular.

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