Innovative application of nested PCR for detection of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> in human highly calcified atherothrombotic plaques

Brun, Adrian; Rangé, Hélène; Prouvost, Bastien; Mazighi, Mikaël; Kapila, Yvonne L.; Bouchard, Philippe; Michel, Jean‐Baptiste

doi:10.1080/20002297.2020.1742523

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…P. gingivalis can invade and colonize the patient’s atherosclerotic plaque. 141 Chiu et al analyzed the microorganisms in carotid endarterectomy specimens of 76 cardiovascular patients and found that the positive detection rate of P. gingivalis was 42%. 142 And it was also detected other periodontal pathogens in atherosclerotic plaques, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia .…”

Section: Oral Microbes and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases

et al. 2022

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Oral bacteria directly affect the disease status of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The dynamic oral microbiota cooperates with the host to reflect the information and status of immunity and metabolism through two-way communication along the oral cavity and the systemic organs. The oral cavity is one of the most important interaction windows between the human body and the environment. The microenvironment at different sites in the oral cavity has different microbial compositions and is regulated by complex signaling, hosts, and external environmental factors. These processes may affect or reflect human health because certain health states seem to be related to the composition of oral bacteria, and the destruction of the microbial community is related to systemic diseases. In this review, we discussed emerging and exciting evidence of complex and important connections between the oral microbes and multiple human systemic diseases, and the possible contribution of the oral microorganisms to systemic diseases. This review aims to enhance the interest to oral microbes on the whole human body, and also improve clinician’s understanding of the role of oral microbes in systemic diseases. Microbial research in dentistry potentially enhances our knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms of oral diseases, and at the same time, continuous advances in this frontier field may lead to a tangible impact on human health.

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Section: Oral Microbes and Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases

et al. 2022

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“…Periodontitis has effects on the endothelial function, causing endothelial dysfunction, stiffness of the arteries and high BP [ 98 ], and hypertension-associated oral pathogens (HOP) as C. rectus , V. parvula , P. melaninogenica have been identified [ 99 ]. Late colonizers as P. gingivalis , A. actinomycetemconcomitan , T. forsythia, and T. denticola have been explored in vascular atherosclerosis lesions but their possible association with blood pressure has not been evaluated [ 100 , 101 ]. Hypertension, such as periodontitis, is considered a low-grade inflammatory disorder and it is marked by the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines [ 102 ].…”

Section: Periodontitis Affects Hypertension (Ht)mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Periodontal Disease and Presence of Nitric Oxide Reducing Oral Bacteria Can Affect Blood Pressure

Pignatelli

Fabietti

Ricci

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and multifunctional signaling molecule, is involved in the maintenance of metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis. It is endogenously produced in the vascular endothelium by specific enzymes known as NO synthases (NOSs). Subsequently, NO is readily oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrite is also derived from exogenous inorganic nitrate (NO3) contained in meat, vegetables, and drinking water, resulting in greater plasma NO2 concentration and major reduction in systemic blood pressure (BP). The recycling process of nitrate and nitrite to NO (nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway), known as the enterosalivary cycle of nitrate, is dependent upon oral commensal nitrate-reducing bacteria of the dorsal tongue. Veillonella, Actinomyces, Haemophilus, and Neisseria are the most copious among the nitrate-reducing bacteria. The use of chlorhexidine mouthwashes and tongue cleaning can mitigate the bacterial nitrate-related BP lowering effects. Imbalances in the oral reducing microbiota have been associated with a decrease of NO, promoting endothelial dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular risk. Although there is a relationship between periodontitis and hypertension (HT), the correlation between nitrate-reducing bacteria and HT has been poorly studied. Restoring the oral flora and NO activity by probiotics may be considered a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HT.

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“…In recent years, the effect of Pg in the progress of AS has been confirmed by a large number of studies. Multiple studies have employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine bacterial presence in human arterial tissues, and Pg is among the predominant bacteria frequently detected in atherosclerotic plaques [ 46 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Adrian Brun’s group utilized a combined approach of nested PCR and real-time PCR to successfully identify Pg with high specificity in highly calcified AS plaques of humans [ 54 ].…”

Section: Porphyromonas Gingivalismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple studies have employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to examine bacterial presence in human arterial tissues, and Pg is among the predominant bacteria frequently detected in atherosclerotic plaques [ 46 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Adrian Brun’s group utilized a combined approach of nested PCR and real-time PCR to successfully identify Pg with high specificity in highly calcified AS plaques of humans [ 54 ]. In patients with AS, the serum concentrations of IgG targeting Pg and Pg -heat shock protein (HSP) 60 are higher than in healthy individuals [ 55 ].…”

Section: Porphyromonas Gingivalismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Periodontal Bacteria in Atherosclerosis

Huang

Xie

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory vascular disease that constitutes a major underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. Infection is a contributing risk factor for AS. Epidemiological evidence has implicated individuals afflicted by periodontitis displaying an increased susceptibility to AS and CVD. This review concisely outlines several prevalent periodontal pathogens identified within atherosclerotic plaques, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. We review the existing epidemiological evidence elucidating the association between these pathogens and AS-related diseases, and the diverse mechanisms for which these pathogens may engage in AS, such as endothelial barrier disruption, immune system activation, facilitation of monocyte adhesion and aggregation, and promotion of foam cell formation, all of which contribute to the progression and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Notably, the intricate interplay among bacteria underscores the complex impact of periodontitis on AS. In conclusion, advancing our understanding of the relationship between periodontal pathogens and AS will undoubtedly offer invaluable insights and potential therapeutic avenues for the prevention and management of AS.

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Innovative application of nested PCR for detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in human highly calcified atherothrombotic plaques

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases

Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases

How Periodontal Disease and Presence of Nitric Oxide Reducing Oral Bacteria Can Affect Blood Pressure

The Roles of Periodontal Bacteria in Atherosclerosis

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