InnFLUX – an open-source code for conventional and disjunct eddy covariance analysis of trace gas measurements: an urban test case

Striednig, Marcus; Graus, M.; Märk, T.D.; Karl, T.

doi:10.5194/amt-13-1447-2020

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…These low proportions are probably one of the reasons, together with technical and logistical challenges (Rinne et al, 2016), of the limited amount of existing VOC studies in lakes or high-latitude ecosystems. However, technological advances are gradually removing practical obstacles, and, in addition, growing concern about climate change repercussions warrants more research in this rapidly warming area of the world, especially given the importance of VOCs as precursors for aerosols (Paasonen et al, 2013;Svenningsson et al, 2008). CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes are already under intense investigation to quantify the strength of their sinks and sources (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Ecosystems exchange climate-relevant trace gases with the atmosphere, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are a small but highly reactive part of the carbon cycle. VOCs have important ecological functions and implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate. We measured the ecosystem-level surface–atmosphere VOC fluxes using the eddy covariance technique at a shallow subarctic lake and an adjacent graminoid-dominated fen in northern Sweden during two contrasting periods: the peak growing season (mid-July) and the senescent period post-growing season (September–October). In July, the fen was a net source of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, dimethyl sulfide, isoprene, and monoterpenes. All of these VOCs showed a diel cycle of emission with maxima around noon and isoprene dominated the fluxes (93±22 µmol m−2 d−1, mean ± SE). Isoprene emission was strongly stimulated by temperature and presented a steeper response to temperature (Q10=14.5) than that typically assumed in biogenic emission models, supporting the high temperature sensitivity of arctic vegetation. In September, net emissions of methanol and isoprene were drastically reduced, while acetaldehyde and acetone were deposited to the fen, with rates of up to -6.7±2.8 µmol m−2 d−1 for acetaldehyde. Remarkably, the lake was a sink for acetaldehyde and acetone during both periods, with average fluxes up to -19±1.3 µmol m−2 d−1 of acetone in July and up to -8.5±2.3 µmol m−2 d−1 of acetaldehyde in September. The deposition of both carbonyl compounds correlated with their atmospheric mixing ratios, with deposition velocities of -0.23±0.01 and -0.68±0.03 cm s−1 for acetone and acetaldehyde, respectively. Even though these VOC fluxes represented less than 0.5 % and less than 5 % of the CO2 and CH4 net carbon ecosystem exchange, respectively, VOCs alter the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere. Thus, understanding the response of their emissions to climate change is important for accurate prediction of the future climatic conditions in this rapidly warming area of the planet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

et al. 2020

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“…The method is widely established in biogeosciences (e.g., Euroflux, http: //www.europe-fluxdata.eu/icos, last access: 30 January 2021; AmeriFlux, https://ameriflux.lbl.gov/, last access: 30 January 2021). A number of studies investigated eddy fluxes of chemical species and aerosols in urban settings (Nemitz et al, 2008;Velasco et al, 2009;Rantala et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2015;Karl et al, 2017;Vaughan et al, 2017;Striednig et al, 2020). Briefly, the method relies on the conservation equation of a scalar, which under homogenous conditions and can be simplified to…”

Section: Eddy Covariancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any systematic bias therefore cancels out under the assumption of comparable source distributions verified by the emission inventory. The datasets are analyzed with the innFLUX code (Striednig et al, 2020), which outputs standard parameters used for filtering flux data as described by Foken and Wichura (1996). In addition to raw data filters (spike removals and weather flags), we applied standard criteria using u * and the stationarity criterion for all species (Foken and Wichura, 1996).…”

Section: Eddy Covariancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Decoupling of urban CO<sub>2</sub> and air pollutant emission reductions during the European SARS-CoV-2 lockdown

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Lockdown and the associated massive reduction in people's mobility imposed by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) mitigation measures across the globe provide a unique sensitivity experiment to investigate impacts on carbon and air pollution emissions. We present an integrated observational analysis based on long-term in situ multispecies eddy flux measurements, allowing for quantifying near-real-time changes of urban surface emissions for key air quality and climate tracers. During the first European SARS-CoV-2 wave we find that the emission reduction of classic air pollutants decoupled from CO2 and was significantly larger. These differences can only be rationalized by the different nature of urban combustion sources and point towards a systematic bias of extrapolated urban NOx emissions in state-of-the-art emission models. The analysis suggests that European policies, shifting residential, public, and commercial energy demand towards cleaner combustion, have helped to improve air quality more than expected and that the urban NOx flux remains to be dominated (e.g., >90 %) by traffic.

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“…Fluxes of VOCs were calculated with the eddy covariance technique using the InnFLUX software tool by Striednig et al (2020), which was run in Matlab version R2018b (The Mathworks, Natick MA, USA). In short, InnFLUX first detrended the Reynolds averages of the raw data.…”

Section: Voc Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Seco,

Holst,

Matzen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Ecosystems exchange climate-relevant trace gases with the atmosphere, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are a small but highly reactive part of the carbon cycle. VOCs have important ecological functions and implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate. We measured the ecosystem-level surface-atmosphere VOC fluxes using the eddy covariance technique at a shallow subarctic lake and an adjacent graminoid-dominated fen in Northern Sweden during two contrasting periods: the peak growing season (mid July) and the senescent period post-growing season (September–October). In July, the fen was a net source of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, DMS, isoprene, and monoterpenes. All of these VOCs showed a diel cycle of emission with maxima around noon and isoprene dominated the fluxes (93 ± 22 µmol m−2 day−1, mean ± SE). Isoprene emission was strongly stimulated by temperature and presented a steeper response to temperature (Q10 = 14.5) than that typically assumed in biogenic emission models, supporting the high temperature sensitivity of arctic vegetation. In September, net emissions of methanol and isoprene were drastically reduced, while acetaldehyde and acetone were deposited to the fen, with rates of up to −6.7 ± 2.8 µmol m−2 day−1 for acetaldehyde. Remarkably, the lake was a sink for acetaldehyde and acetone during both periods, with average fluxes up to −19 ± 1.3 µmol m−2 day−1 of acetone in July and up to −8.5 ± 2.3 µmol m−2 day−1 of acetaldehyde in September. The deposition of both carbonyl compounds correlated with their atmospheric mixing ratios, with deposition velocities of −0.23 ± 0.01 and −0.68 ± 0.03 cm s−1 for acetone and acetaldehyde, respectively. Even though these VOC fluxes represented less than 0.5 % and less than 5 % of the CO2 and CH4 net carbon ecosystem exchange, respectively, VOCs alter the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere. Thus, understanding the response of their emissions to climate change is important for accurate prediction of the future climatic conditions in this rapidly warming area of the planet.

show abstract

InnFLUX – an open-source code for conventional and disjunct eddy covariance analysis of trace gas measurements: an urban test case

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Decoupling of urban CO<sub>2</sub> and air pollutant emission reductions during the European SARS-CoV-2 lockdown

Volatile Organic Compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

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InnFLUX – an open-source code for conventional and disjunct eddy covariance analysis of trace gas measurements: an urban test case

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Volatile organic compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Decoupling of urban CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and air pollutant emission reductions during the European SARS-CoV-2 lockdown

Volatile Organic Compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Decoupling of urban CO<sub>2</sub> and air pollutant emission reductions during the European SARS-CoV-2 lockdown