Innate immune response to a H3N2 subtype swine influenza virus in newborn porcine trachea cells, alveolar macrophages, and precision-cut lung slices

Abstract

Viral respiratory diseases remain of major importance in swine breeding units. Swine influenza virus (SIV) is one of the main known contributors to infectious respiratory diseases. The innate immune response to swine influenza viruses has been assessed in many previous studies. However most of these studies were carried out in a single-cell population or directly in the live animal, in all its complexity. In the current study we report the use of a trachea epithelial cell line (newborn pig trachea cells – NPTr) in comparison with alveolar macrophages and lung slices for the characterization of innate immune response to an infection by a European SIV of the H3N2 subtype. The expression pattern of transcripts involved in the recognition of the virus, interferon type I and III responses, and the host-response regulation were assessed by quantitative PCR in response to infection. Some significant differences were observed between the three systems, notably in the expression of type III interferon mRNA. Then, results show a clear induction of JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling pathways in infected NPTr cells. Conversely, PI3K/Akt signaling pathways was not activated. The inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway clearly reduced interferon type I and III responses and the induction of SOCS1 at the transcript level in infected NPTr cells. Similarly, the inhibition of MAPK pathway reduced viral replication and interferon response. All together, these results contribute to an increased understanding of the innate immune response to H3N2 SIV and may help identify strategies to effectively control SIV infection.

Networks of Host Factors that Interact with NS1 Protein of Influenza A Virus

“…New born porcine tracheal epithelial (NPTr) cells, which are non-transformed and non-carcinoma SREC line capable of supporting efficient replication of influenza viruses ( Ferrari et al, 2003 ; Delgado-Ortega et al, 2014 ; Thulasi Raman et al, 2016 ), were maintained in minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were also maintained in MEM supplemented with 10% FBS.…”

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Puerarin in Piglets Infected With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

“…Then the viral gene expression was detected by using the droplet digital PCR (dd PCR) method as described previously (31). Primers used in the present study are listed in Table 1 (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Bat lung epithelial cells show greater host species-specific innate resistance than MDCK cells to human and avian influenza viruses

“…The JAK-STAT pathway is a key signalling pathway of type I interferons, cytokines and growth factors in the regulation of immune functions, in particular in anti-viral responses [ 24 ]. To assess the role of JAK-STAT signalling during influenza virus infection, the three species of bat cells were treated with 5 μM pyridone 6 (JAK inhibitor) [ 17 ] for 20 h prior to infection overnight with USSR H1N1 virus at 0.5 MOI. Despite the relatively substantial dose of JAK inhibitor used (e.g.…”

“…Pyridone 6 (Merck), a JAK inhibitor, was applied at 5 μM [ 17 ] to cells for 20 h prior to infection at 37 °C. Cells were rinsed twice with PBS and then infected with USSR H1N1 virus at 1.0 MOI.…”