“…The designed and realized system is fully functional and suitable for testing sensors on two gas types, unlike most systems, which use only one active gas [ 6 , 9 ]. The selection valve allows fast switching between gases while keeping the flows constant, which allows a sufficiently continuous and defined measurement, minimizing peak-like events, in contrast to a system without a selection valve [ 6 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method is not selective, and the layer grows on the whole substrate. The grown diamond is a hydrogen-terminated surface that reveals unique properties in induced subsurface p-type conductivity, also known as 2D hole gas (2DHG) [ 2 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Such a 2DHG top layer is sensitive to exposed gas or organic molecules [ 2 , 6 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such a 2DHG top layer is sensitive to exposed gas or organic molecules [ 2 , 6 ]. The gas sensing properties of hydrogen-terminated diamond were explored thoroughly in previous works [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”
A nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) layer is used as an active (sensing) part of a conductivity gas sensor. The properties of the sensor with an NCD with H-termination (response and time characteristic of resistance change) are measured by the same equipment with a similar setup and compared with commercial sensors, a conductivity sensor with a metal oxide (MOX) active material (resistance change), and an infrared pyroelectric sensor (output voltage change) in this study. The deposited layer structure is characterized and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Electrical properties (resistance change for conductivity sensors and output voltage change for the IR pyroelectric sensor) are examined for two types of gases, oxidizing (NO2) and reducing (NH3). The parameters of the tested sensors are compared and critically evaluated. Subsequently, differences in the gas sensing principles of these conductivity sensors, namely H-terminated NCD and SnO2, are described.
“…The designed and realized system is fully functional and suitable for testing sensors on two gas types, unlike most systems, which use only one active gas [ 6 , 9 ]. The selection valve allows fast switching between gases while keeping the flows constant, which allows a sufficiently continuous and defined measurement, minimizing peak-like events, in contrast to a system without a selection valve [ 6 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method is not selective, and the layer grows on the whole substrate. The grown diamond is a hydrogen-terminated surface that reveals unique properties in induced subsurface p-type conductivity, also known as 2D hole gas (2DHG) [ 2 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Such a 2DHG top layer is sensitive to exposed gas or organic molecules [ 2 , 6 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such a 2DHG top layer is sensitive to exposed gas or organic molecules [ 2 , 6 ]. The gas sensing properties of hydrogen-terminated diamond were explored thoroughly in previous works [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”
A nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) layer is used as an active (sensing) part of a conductivity gas sensor. The properties of the sensor with an NCD with H-termination (response and time characteristic of resistance change) are measured by the same equipment with a similar setup and compared with commercial sensors, a conductivity sensor with a metal oxide (MOX) active material (resistance change), and an infrared pyroelectric sensor (output voltage change) in this study. The deposited layer structure is characterized and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Electrical properties (resistance change for conductivity sensors and output voltage change for the IR pyroelectric sensor) are examined for two types of gases, oxidizing (NO2) and reducing (NH3). The parameters of the tested sensors are compared and critically evaluated. Subsequently, differences in the gas sensing principles of these conductivity sensors, namely H-terminated NCD and SnO2, are described.
“…As outlined in Section 4.1.1, membrane-free approaches for amperometric sensors can be implemented with BDD working electrodes. Therefore, an impedimetric gas sensor, proposed by Laposa et al [108], might be transferred. The authors report a sensor based on nanodiamond powder ink using the microwave linear antenna plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (MW-LA-PECVD) method for diamond growth.…”
There is increasing interest in the utilisation of medical gases, such as ozone, for the treatment of herniated disks, peripheral artery diseases, and chronic wounds, and for dentistry. Currently, the in situ measurement of the dissolved ozone concentration during the medical procedures in human bodily liquids and tissues is not possible. Further research is necessary to enable the integration of ozone sensors in medical and bioanalytical devices. In the present review, we report selected recent developments in ozone sensor technology (2016–2020). The sensors are subdivided into ozone gas sensors and dissolved ozone sensors. The focus thereby lies upon amperometric and impedimetric as well as optical measurement methods. The progress made in various areas—such as measurement temperature, measurement range, response time, and recovery time—is presented. As inkjet-printing is a new promising technology for embedding sensors in medical and bioanalytical devices, the present review includes a brief overview of the current approaches of inkjet-printed ozone sensors.
“…This effect can either decrease or increase the surface conductivity of the diamond coating. With this technique NH 3 , [85][86][87] HNO 3 , [88] NO 2 , [87] and H 2 S [89] were detected. Interestingly, the sensitivity of a hydrogen-terminated diamond gas Figure 13.…”
Diamond is a highly attractive material for ample applications in material science, engineering, chemistry, and biology because of its favorable properties. The advent of conductive diamond coatings and the steady demand for miniaturization in a plethora of economic and scientific fields resulted in the impetus for interdisciplinary research to develop intricate deposition techniques for thin (≤1000 nm) and ultra‐thin (≤100 nm) diamond films on non‐diamond substrates. By virtue of the lowered thickness, diamond coatings feature high optical transparency in UV–IR range. Combined with their semi‐conductivity and mechanical robustness, they are promising candidates for solar cells, optical devices, transparent electrodes, and photochemical applications. In this review, the difficulty of (ultra‐thin) diamond film development and production, introduction of important stepping stones for thin diamond synthesis, and summarization of the main nucleation procedures for diamond film synthesis are elucidated. Thereafter, applications of thin diamond coatings are highlighted with a focus on applications relying on ultrathin diamond coatings, and the excellent properties of the diamond exploited in said applications are discussed, thus guiding the reader and enabling the reader to quickly get acquainted with the research field of ultrathin diamond coatings.
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