Injury Thresholds of Knee Ligaments Under Lateral–Medial Shear Loading: An Experimental Study

Mo, Fuhao; Arnoux, Pierre‐Jean; Zahidi, Omar; Masson, Catherine

doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.746679

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…One zahvataju delove tela, organe i tkiva čija anatomska građa uslovljava prekomerno istezanje indirektnim dejstvom sile koja uzrokuje oštećenja tkiva i organa daleko od mesta primarnog dejstva [8,9]. Hiperekstenzione povrede mogu nastati i direktno u fazi pada na tlo ako se kontakt sa podlogom i sledstveni udar ostvari licem, tj.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Mnogobrojni istraživači proučavaju saobraćajni traumatizam, kako sa sudskomedicinskog aspekta tako i iz ugla traumatologije [4,5,8,9,12]. Kada se sagledaju sva istraživanja, uočava se velika zastupljenost smrtnog povređiva-nja pešaka, što nameće izdvajanje ovog vida učešća u saobraćaju u posebnu kategoriju.…”

Section: Tabela 1 Struktura Ispitanika Uključenih U Istraživanjeunclassified

“…Istraživači se bave pitanjima faze nastanka određene vrste povreda i utvrđivanjem brzine u trenutku kontakta automobila sa telom pešaka precizirajući razliku između brzine kretanja automobila tokom vožnje i brzine u momentu primarnog kontakta, jer na biomehaničke karakteristike dinamike i mehanizma povređivanja ima uticaja samo ona brzina koja postoji u trenutku primarnog kontakta [13]. U novijim istraživanjima [4,5,8,9, 12] autori u ovoj oblasti sudske medicine i traumatologije naročito proučavaju odnos između naletne brzine kretanja automobila (u trenutku udara) i povreda sa smtrnim ishodom i navode da je najčešći oblik smrtnog stradanja u saobraćaju čeoni nalet putničkog automobila na pešaka [12]. U istraživanji-ma se, kao i u našem radu, naglašava različitost dizajna prednjeg dela putničkih automobila i u tom pogledu izdvajaju automobili pontonskog i klinastog oblika i ističe različi-tost povređivanja u pogledu intenziteta, ekstenziteta, mehanizma i dinamike povređivanja.…”

Section: Tabela 1 Struktura Ispitanika Uključenih U Istraživanjeunclassified

“…Od strane mnogih stručnjaka koji se bave ovom sudskomedicinskom problematikom preporučuje se neophodnost veoma pažljivog razmatranja kriterijuma koji se primenjuju u ovakvim istraživanjima, kao i dodatnih obeležja koja utiču na dinamiku i mehanizam povređivanja [8,9,18]. Ova oblast forenzičkih istraživanja je izazov i inspiracija velikom broju autora [4,5,8,9,18].…”

Section: Tabela 1 Struktura Ispitanika Uključenih U Istraživanjeunclassified

“…Ova oblast forenzičkih istraživanja je izazov i inspiracija velikom broju autora [4,5,8,9,18]. B. Karger i saradnici [12] navode 3 kriterijuma u utvrđivanju mehanizma povređivanja koji obezbeđuju neophodan uslov da je DISKUSIJA / / lokalizacija primarnog kontakta obavezno ispod tačke teži-šta tela (centra gravitacije): 1.…”

Section: Tabela 1 Struktura Ispitanika Uključenih U Istraživanjeunclassified

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Mechanisms of injury of pedestrians in road traffic accidents

Milošević¹,

Savić²,

Matejić³

et al. 2015

Praxis Med

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Veštačenje naleta vozila na pešaka je veoma složena interdisciplinarna biomehanička analiza, koja zapravo čini sintezu rada sudskomedicinske i saobraćajno-tehničke struke. Karakteristike povređivanje zavise od konstitucije i položaja peša-ka, kao i od vrste i tipa putničkog automobila. Mehanizmi povređivanja su raznoliki i povrede predstavljaju rezultantu složenih mehaničkih sila, kretanja i uticaja na ljudsko telo. Rezultati pokazuju da automobili nove generacije aeroidinamičnog klinastog oblika prednjačećeg dela favorizuju nastanak hiperekstenzivnih povreda, dok je dominantan faktor znača-jnog intenziteta i ekstenziteta povređivanja velika brzina. Utvrđeno je višestruko smanjenje učestalosti smrtnog stradanja pešaka u savremenim uslovima saobraćaja. SUMMARYDetermination of direction of car impact on pedestrian is complex interdisciplinary biomechanical analysis, which sintetize the work of legal medicine and traffic engineering professions. Injury characteristics depends on constitution and position of pedestrian, and type of passenger car. There are different mechanisms of injury arising from sum of effect of complex mechanical forces, from motion and impact on human body. Results are showing that new generation car, with aerodinamic wedge front, favorize occurrence of hyperextensive injuries, while speed presents dominant factor of intensity of injuries. In modern traffic conditions, we found multiple reduction of number of deaths of pedestrians in road traffic accidents. Keywords: injuries, pedestrians, hyperextension UVODPovrede pešaka su u savremenim uslovima drumskog saobraćaja jedan od vodećih uzroka smrtnosti 1 i odlikuje ih politraumatizam, polifazičnost, polimorfizam, multiplicitet i disproporcija spoljašnjeg i unutrašnjeg nalaza. Sudskomedicinsko veštačenje smrtnog stradanja pešaka, na prvom mestu podrazumeva vršenje sudskomedicinske obdukcije kojom se utvrđuje: 1. uzrok smrti, 2. način (mehanizam) povređivanja, 3. postojanje eventualnih oboljenja i stanja (fizioloških i/ili patoloških), 4. vreme nastanka povreda, 5. zaživotnost povređivanja i 6. poreklo smrti [2,3,4].Veštačenja u slučajevima naleta putničkog motornog vozila na pešaka veoma su učestala, ali i pored toga raznovrsna i uvek jedinstvena. Veštačenje naleta vozila na peša-ka je veoma složena biomehanička analiza, koja zapravo čini sintezu rada sudskomedicinske i saobraćajno-tehničke struke. U momentu naleta, vozilo i pešak čine nedeljivu celinu (fizički sistem), pri čemu deluju uzajamno, što znači da na telu pešaka i na vozilu treba očekivati povrede i ošteće-nja koje su u direktnoj vezi i ukazuju na način povređiva-nja. Faze povređivanja pešaka u naletu putničkog automobila su: 1. udar -prvi kontakt (primarni kontakt) pešaka i ORIGINALNI RADOVI

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Section: Uvodunclassified

Section: Tabela 1 Struktura Ispitanika Uključenih U Istraživanjeunclassified

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mechanisms of injury of pedestrians in road traffic accidents

Milošević¹,

Savić²,

Matejić³

et al. 2015

Praxis Med

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Robotic simulation of identical athletic-task kinematics on cadaveric limbs exhibits a lack of differences in knee mechanics between contralateral pairs

Bates

McPherson

Nesbitt

et al. 2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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Limb asymmetry is a known factor for increased ACL injury risk. These asymmetries are normally observed during in vivo testing. Prior studies have developed in vitro testing methodologies driven by in vivo kinematics to investigate knee mechanics relative to ACL injury. The objective of this study was to determine if mechanical side-to-side asymmetries persist in contralateral pairs during in vitro simulation testing. In vivo kinematics were recorded for male and female drop vertical jump and sidestep cutting tasks. The recorded kinematics were used to robotically simulate the motions on 7 contralateral pairs of cadaveric lower extremities specimens. ACL and MCL force, torque, and strains were recorded and analyzed for differences between contralateral pairs. There was a general lack of mechanical differences between limb sides. Adduction peak torque for the male sidestep cut movement was significantly different between limb sides (p = 0.04). However, this is consistent with ACL injury mechanics in that movement in the frontal plane (abduction/adduction) increases injury risk and it is possible loading differences in this plane may have resulted from tolerances within the setup process. The findings of this study indicate that contralateral knee joints were representative of each other during biomechanical in vitro tests. In future cadaveric robotic simulations, contralateral limbs can be used interchangeably. In addition, direct comparisons of the structural behaviors of isolated conditions for contralateral knee joints can be performed.

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Injury risk functions for the four primary knee ligaments

Nusia

Sjöblom

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop Injury Risk Functions (IRFs) for the Anterior- and Posterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL and PCL, respectively) and the Medial- and Lateral Collateral Ligament (MCL and LCL, respectively) in the knee joint and address two injury mechanisms of the ligaments, mid-substance failure and ligament insertion detachment. Method: The IRFs were developed from Post-Mortem Human Subject (PMHS) tensile failure strains of Bone-Ligament-Bone (BLB) or dissected Ligament (LIG) preparations. To compensate for insufficient sample size of experimental datapoints, virtual failure strains were as well generated based on mean- and standard deviation from experiments that did not provide specimen-specific results. All virtual and specimen-specific values were then categorised into groups of static and dynamic rates and tested for the best fitting theoretical distribution to formulate the ligament IRF. Results: Nine IRFs were derived (3 for ACL, 2 for PCL, 1 for MCL and 3 for LCL). Conclusion: These IRFs are, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first knee ligament injury predicting tool based on PMHS data. The IRFs of BLB address both failure modes of mid-ligament and attachment failure, while the IRFs of LIG address mid-ligament failures only. The proposed risk functions can be used to determine the effectiveness of injury prevention measures. Keywords: Injury risk functions, knee ligaments, anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament.

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Injury Thresholds of Knee Ligaments Under Lateral–Medial Shear Loading: An Experimental Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Mechanisms of injury of pedestrians in road traffic accidents

Mechanisms of injury of pedestrians in road traffic accidents

Robotic simulation of identical athletic-task kinematics on cadaveric limbs exhibits a lack of differences in knee mechanics between contralateral pairs

Injury risk functions for the four primary knee ligaments

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