Injury During U.S. Army Basic Combat Training

Bulzacchelli, Maria T.; Sulsky, Sandra I.; Rodríguez-Monguió, Rosa; Karlsson, Lee; Hill, Maj Owen T.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.08.008

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As a result, we considered all potential predictors for which there was any evidence in the literature; e.g., risk-protective factors for suicidality (Nock et al 2013; Afifi et al 2016), mental hospitalization (Iribarren et al 2000; Rytila-Manninen et al 2014), substance problems (Kilpatrick et al 2000; Kirst et al 2014), TBI (Cassidy et al 2004; Elmasry et al 2017), other severe physical injuries (Bulzacchelli et al 2014; Theodoroff et al 2015) , violence perpetration (Dahlberg, 1998; Elbogen et al 2010), violence victimization (Suris & Lind, 2008; Turchik & Wilson, 2010), and career problems (Knapik et al 2004; Booth-Kewley et al 2010). In total, 727 independent variables were operationalized from the SAQ in addition to 8 performance-based neurocognitive test measures assessed in conjunction with the SAQ and 37 basic administrative variables recorded for all new soldiers at the beginning of service (772 total variables).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army

et al. 2017

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Background The U.S. Army uses universal preventives interventions for several negative outcomes (e.g., suicide, violence, sexual assault) with especially high risks in the early years of service. More intensive interventions exist, but would be cost-effective only if targeted at high-risk soldiers. We report results of efforts to develop models for such targeting from self-report surveys administered at the beginning of Army service. Methods 21,832 new soldiers completed a self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) in 2011–2012 and consented to link administrative data to SAQ responses. Penalized regression models were developed for 12 administratively-recorded outcomes occurring by December 2013: suicide attempt, mental hospitalization, positive drug test, traumatic brain injury (TBI), other severe injury, several types of violence perpetration and victimization, demotion, and attrition. Results The best-performing models were for TBI (AUC=0.80), major physical violence perpetration (AUC=0.78), sexual assault perpetration (AUC=0.78), and suicide attempt (AUC=0.74). Although predicted risk scores were significantly correlated across outcomes, prediction was not improved by including risk scores for other outcomes in models. Of particular note: 40.5% of suicide attempts occurred among the 10% of new soldiers with highest predicted risk, 57.2% of male sexual assault perpetrations among the 15% with highest predicted risk, and 35.5% of female sexual assault victimizations among the 10% with highest predicted risk. Conclusions Data collected at the beginning of service in self-report surveys could be used to develop risk models that define small proportions of new soldiers accounting for high proportions of negative outcomes over the first few years of service.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army

et al. 2017

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“…The recent article by Blake et al 1 highlights the important gaps in awareness and knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV), its relationship with cancer, and the HPV vaccine in the U.S. population. As noted by the authors, the introduction of a health technology can lead to health inequalities if there is differential learning among population subgroups, the so-called "Knowledge Gap Hypothesis."…”

Section: Predictors Of Human Papillomavirus Awareness and Knowledge Imentioning

confidence: 98%

Response to Letter to the Editor: Regarding the Bulzacchelli et al. Article on Injury During U.S. Army Basic Combat Training

Bulzacchelli

Sulsky

Rodríguez-Monguió

et al. 2015

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…High MSI rates lead to high medical and financial costs, missed training days, lower numbers of deployable personnel, and physical and emotional damage to the individual soldier. Investigations into high MSI rates during IET have indicated that age, initial physical fitness, body composition, smoking, and gender are possible contributing factors [5,6]. However, little research has been completed on the impact of nutrition on MSI within the US Army IET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Protein and Carbohydrate Supplementation on Musculoskeletal Injuries in Army Initial Entry Training Soldiers

McGinnis

McAdam

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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This project investigated whey protein and/or carbohydrate supplementation effects on musculoskeletal injury (MSI) outcomes. Four groups of Initial Entry Training soldiers consumed either: (1) one protein (38.6 g, 293 kcal); (2) one carbohydrate (63.4 g, 291 kcal); (3) two protein (77.2 g, 586 kcal); or (4) two carbohydrate servings/day (126.8 g, 582 kcal) after physical training and before bed, or before bed only. Odds Ratio, Chi-square and Wilcoxon ranked-sum test compared supplementation/no supplementation, number of servings, and protein/carbohydrate for MSI and limited/missed duty rates and limited/missed training days. Non-matched pairs group averages were compared to 2015/2016 historical data. Non-supplemented soldiers were approximately 5× more likely to sustain a MSI (χ2 = 58.48, p < 0.001) and 4× more likely to miss training (χ2 = 9.73, p = 0.003) compared to two servings. Non-supplemented soldiers missed five additional training days compared to two servings (W = 6059.5, p = 0.02). Soldiers consuming one serving were approximately 3× more likely to sustain a MSI than two servings (χ2 = 9.55, p = 0.002). There was no difference in limited/missed duty rates or limited/missed training days between consuming one or two servings. There was no difference between consuming one serving versus no supplementation or protein versus carbohydrate supplementation for any outcome variable. Soldiers consuming 2 servings/day of protein or carbohydrate had lower MSI rates, limited/missed duty rates, and limited/ missed training days compared to non-supplemented soldiers.

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Injury During U.S. Army Basic Combat Training

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army

Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army

Response to Letter to the Editor: Regarding the Bulzacchelli et al. Article on Injury During U.S. Army Basic Combat Training

Impact of Protein and Carbohydrate Supplementation on Musculoskeletal Injuries in Army Initial Entry Training Soldiers

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