Injury and anomie: effects of violence on an inner-city community.

Fullilove, Mindy Thompson; Heon, Veronique; Jimenez, Walkiria; Parsons, Caroline; Green, Lesley L.; Fullilove, Robert E.

doi:10.2105/ajph.88.6.924

Cited by 76 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These processes, which are not under the control of average citizens, are reflected in the data reported here. The findings support previous studies showing that the health of residents in Northern Manhattan-South Bronx has been greatly influenced by multiple facets of both the physical and social environment (7)(8)(9). The data suggest that the lived experience of community residents is far removed from what "used to be."…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the two decades preceding this study, Central Harlem lost more than one-third of its housing stock, and area residents experienced excessive rates of injury, violence, addictive disorders, and AIDS (7). During this same period Washington Heights was known as "Cocaine Central" and suffered greatly from the violence generated by drug trafficking, (8,9). Epidemics of substance abuse, AIDS, and homelessness added insult to injury for these communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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"Hey, mom, thanks!": use of focus groups in the development of place-specific materials for a community environmental action campaign.

Green

Fullilove²,

Evans³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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We examined the relevance of five strategies to reduce the risk of exposure to environmental hazards for African-American and Hispanic children living in Northern Manhattan in New York City. Researchers conducting a community-wide intervention to increase awareness of environmental health hazards identified five strategies for keeping children healthy, preventing asthma, and promoting children's growth and development. These strategies were based on current scientific knowledge of environmental health and were tested and refined through a series of focus groups. The 14 focus groups were conducted with women of childbearing age living in the communities under study. The purpose of the focus groups was to test the relevancy of the five strategies and to obtain data to inform the intervention's social action campaign. Here authors discuss the process of identifying strategies for risk reduction and incorporating community residents' perceptions of risk into health risk messages. The authors argue that broader social and historical contexts are important in shaping community members' interpretations of risk and subsequent response to health education campaigns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Hey, mom, thanks!": use of focus groups in the development of place-specific materials for a community environmental action campaign.

Green

Fullilove²,

Evans³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Inadequate enforcement of city codes and inadequate repair of city properties have contributed to deteriorated housing stock (34). Communities also vary in political processes influencing the built environmental (36,37). Historically, Harlem and the South Bronx have high rates of abandoned buildings (38) and of urban renewal efforts resulting in relocation (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential pesticide use during pregnancy among a cohort of urban minority women.

Whyatt

Camann²,

Kinney³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

196

168

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Residential pesticide use is widespread in the United States. However, data are limited specific to use among minority populations. Nor are data available on the extent of pesticide exposure resulting from residential use during pregnancy. We have gathered questionnaire data on pesticide use in the home during pregnancy from 316 African-American and Dominican women residing in northern Manhattan and the South Bronx. Additionally, 72 women underwent personal air monitoring for 48 hr during their third trimester of pregnancy to determine exposure levels to 21 pesticides (19 insecticides and 2 fungicides). Of the women questioned, 266 of 314 (85%) reported that pest control measures were used in the home during pregnancy; 111 of 314 (35%) reported that their homes were sprayed by an exterminator, and of those, 45% said the spraying was done more than once per month. Most (>or= 90%) of the pesticide was used for cockroach control. Use of pest control measures increased significantly with the level of housing disrepair reported. Of the women monitored, all (100%) had detectable levels of three insecticides: the organophosphates diazinon (range, 2.0-6,010 ng/m3) and chlorpyrifos (range, 0.7-193 ng/m3) and the carbamate propoxur (range, 3.8-1,380 ng/m3), as well as the fungicide o-phenylphenol (range, 5.7-743 ng/m3). We also frequently detected the following four insecticides (47-83% of samples) but at lower concentrations: the pyrethroid trans-permethrin, piperonyl butoxide (an indicator of exposure to pyrethrins), and the organochlorines 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane and chlordane. Thirty percent of the women had detectable levels of all eight pesticides. Exposures were generally higher among African Americans than among Dominicans. We detected other pesticides in

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“…En la sociedad norteamericana contemporánea, la anomia se presenta, entre otras situaciones, en las continuas masacres al interior de colegios y universidades, en las que un suicida expresa rabia, inconformidad y desprecio por la sociedad. La anomia se ha relacionado con violencia urbana (20); hipertensión (21); depresión (22) y ulcera péptica (23).…”

Section: Anomia Y Salud Mentalunclassified

Anomia Social y Salud Mental Pública

Parales-Quenza¹

2008

Rev. salud pública

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RESUMENEste artículo presenta la relevancia del concepto de anomia para estudiar problemas de salud mental pública y desde allí proponer estrategias de promoción y prevención. El estudio de la anomia se caracteriza por la multiplicidad de definiciones y enfoques; se propone conceptualizarla como dérrèglement o perturbación y asumirla como un Hecho Social Total en el sentido de que, a pesar de ser una característica de la estructura social, sus efectos ocupan todos los ámbitos de la existencia. Con base en descripciones hechas por varios autores que califican a las sociedades latinoamericanas de anómicas y a Colombia como caso extremo, el artículo plantea la pertinencia del concepto. La definición de salud mental en términos positivos y no como la ausencia de trastorno, confirma la necesidad de considerar a la anomia como un indicador de salud mental pública. Finalmente se propone que si la anomia se expresa a través de reglas, que son componentes básicos de la estructura social, las reglas también deberían ser punto de consideración para la intervención.Palabras Claves: Anomia, salud mental, Colombia, América Latina (fuente: DeCS, BIREME). ABSTRACTThis article uses the concept of anomie for understanding public mental-health issues and constructing strategies aimed at promoting health and preventing disease. Studying anomie involves many definitions and approaches; this article conceptualises anomie as dérrèglement or derangement and as a total social fact as its effects and consequences are pervasive across all areas of human experience. The article suggests the pertinence of the concept to public health based on several authors' observations depicting Latin-America as being a set of anomic societies and Colombia as the extreme case. Current definitions of mental health in positive terms (not just as being the absence of mental illness) validate the need for considering anomie as an indicator of public mental health. The article proposes that if anomie expresses itself through rules as basic social structure components, then such rules should also be considered as the point of intervention in promoting mental health.

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Injury and anomie: effects of violence on an inner-city community.

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

"Hey, mom, thanks!": use of focus groups in the development of place-specific materials for a community environmental action campaign.

"Hey, mom, thanks!": use of focus groups in the development of place-specific materials for a community environmental action campaign.

Residential pesticide use during pregnancy among a cohort of urban minority women.

Anomia Social y Salud Mental Pública

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