Injection of porcine growth hormone releasing hormone gene plasmid in skeletal muscle increases piglets' growth and whole body protein turnover

Zhang, Yong; Zhu, Yujing; Li, Zhe; An-guo, Zhou; Zhang, Jinghai; Bardsley, R. G.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.08.003

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The moderate positive Pearson correlation coefficients of IGF-1 with NR (0.20), NUE (0.20), and LUE (0.22) in the N metabolism trial and IGF-1 with NUE for all pigs in periods 1 (0.63) and 2 (0.36) indicated that IGF-1 blood concentrations were related to protein retention and NUE, which is consistent with preliminary studies ( Taylor et al, 1992 ; Whang et al, 2003 ). IGF-1 is considered to upregulate protein synthesis ( Evers, 1989 ; Zhang et al, 2008 ), and in the present study a positive Pearson correlation was observed between IGF-1 blood concentration, protein synthesis (0.21), and protein retention (0.20), suggesting that this contributed to the observed effects on NUE. When piglets were muscle-injected with a growth hormone-releasing gene plasmid, increased plasma IGF-1 and protein synthesis but also protein degradation were found, with greater effects on protein synthesis than protein degradation and resulting in an increased protein gain of the piglets ( Zhang et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…IGF-1 is considered to upregulate protein synthesis ( Evers, 1989 ; Zhang et al, 2008 ), and in the present study a positive Pearson correlation was observed between IGF-1 blood concentration, protein synthesis (0.21), and protein retention (0.20), suggesting that this contributed to the observed effects on NUE. When piglets were muscle-injected with a growth hormone-releasing gene plasmid, increased plasma IGF-1 and protein synthesis but also protein degradation were found, with greater effects on protein synthesis than protein degradation and resulting in an increased protein gain of the piglets ( Zhang et al, 2008 ). An increase in the CP concentration of the diet from 11.8% to 21.8% led to an increase in both serum IGF-1 and protein gain of pigs that were exposed to a CP depletion period until a CP concentration of about 18% was reached ( Whang et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…However, N digestibility was also lower in the selected line, suggesting that fewer amino acids entered the blood pool and were catabolized, and urea was synthesized. In the study by Zhang et al (2008) , NUE increased and BUN decreased in piglets injected with a growth hormone-releasing gene plasmid. Thus, for different purposes, BUN was shown to be a useful indicator of NUE, even at the same CP content in the feed, which was also indicated by the results from all pigs in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Nitrogen and lysine utilization efficiencies, protein turnover, and blood urea concentrations in crossbred grower pigs at marginal dietary lysine concentration

Berghaus,

Haese,

Weishaar

et al. 2023

Journal of Animal Science

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Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) and lysine utilization efficiency (LUE) are key indicators of sustainable pork production and vary depending on nutritional and non-nutritional factors. The objective was to study NUE and LUE together with concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and other metabolites in growing pigs fed diets with marginal Lys concentrations at 11–13 weeks (40.5 kg mean BW) and 14–16 weeks (60.2 kg mean BW). The cereal grain-soybean meal-based diets contained 10.6 and 7.9 g Lys/kg DM in periods 1 and 2, respectively. Feed intake and BW were measured for 508 individually penned pigs, and blood samples were collected 5 h after morning feeding at weeks 13 and 16. A subgroup of 48 barrows was used in a nitrogen (N) metabolism trial at weeks 13 and 16. In this subgroup, the mean N retention of pigs (27.3 g N/d) and mean LUE (70%) were not different between the periods, but NUE was higher in Period 1 (47%) than in Period 2 (43%) (P < 0.001). After administration of a single dose of 15N labeled glycine and measurement of 15N recovery in urine, the calculated whole-body protein turnover did not differ between the periods. The rate of protein synthesis was positively correlated with NUE (P < 0.001), but protein degradation was not. Excretion of urea-N in urine accounted for 80% of the total urinary N and was positively correlated with BUN. The N retention of all 508 pigs was estimated using an equation that was derived from the N metabolism data. N retention was on average 31.4 g/d, equal in both periods, and higher in barrows than in gilts in Period 2, but not in Period 1 (P = 0.003). The calculated NUE was, on average, 47% and was lower in barrows than in gilts (P < 0.001) and higher in Period 1 than in Period 2 (P < 0.001). The calculated LUE was, on average, 71%, and was lower in barrows than in gilts in Period 2, but not in Period 1 (P < 0.001). The BUN concentration was higher in barrows than in gilts (P < 0.001) and higher in Period 1 than in Period 2 (P < 0.001). BUN concentration was negatively correlated with NUE in Periods 1 (r = -0.50) and 2 (r = -0.15) (P < 0.05). We concluded that the maximum LUE was in the range of 70–72% under the conditions of this study, and only small differences between the periods and sexes existed. Protein synthesis, rather than degradation, appears to affect NUE. BUN concentration may be useful for estimating NUE in a large group of animals fed a diet with a marginal Lys concentration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Nitrogen and lysine utilization efficiencies, protein turnover, and blood urea concentrations in crossbred grower pigs at marginal dietary lysine concentration

Berghaus,

Haese,

Weishaar

et al. 2023

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Whole-body protein turnover was calculated according to the method used by Zhang et al (2008). In brief, the parameters were calculated using Plath's open three-pool model with total nitrogen in urine as the end-product.…”

Section: Calculation Of Protein Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%