Injectable, Hyaluronic Acid-Based Scaffolds with Macroporous Architecture for Gene Delivery

Materials promoting viral gene delivery

“…156 Further, natural and synthetic hydrogels from polymers have been investigated for spatially controlled VV delivery. 159,160 Amongst them macroporous hydrogels were utilized for longterm release of VVs, [161][162][163][164] and thermoresponsive polymer gels were applied as injectable systems. 127,163 A selected overview of general structural motifs of the polymers and a summary of all polymers discussed in the following subsections are provided in Chart 1 and Table 3, respectively. PEG.…”

“…Open, macroporous HA-PEG hydrogels displayed increased host cell infiltration and yielded higher TE compared to nanoporous hydrogels. 162 Cyclodextrins (CD) are composed of 6-8 (α-γ) cyclic arranged glucose subunits forming a hydrophobic interior and a hydrophilic exterior toroid-shaped oligosaccharide, which is commonly used in pharmaceutical applications for drug delivery. 270 CDs have been applied as hydrogels in combination with other polymers 138,271 or as supramolecular linkers 272 for gene delivery as recently reviewed elsewhere.…”

Hyaluronic Acid: The Influence of Molecular Weight on Structural, Physical, Physico-Chemical, and Degradable Properties of Biopolymer

“…Particular interest is aroused by the biological properties of materials based on hyaluronic acid. Still, for the development and technology of advanced wound healing [ 26 ], drug delivery systems with controlled release [ 27 ], and polymer scaffolds [ 28 ], knowledge of the molecular weight dependency on the abovementioned properties is necessary. Our paper is one of the first to collect brief data on the structure, viscosity, density, surface tension, cohesive/adhesive, hydrodynamic and degradable properties of hyaluronic acid.…”

Injectable, macroporous scaffolds for delivery of therapeutic genes to the injured spinal cord

“…HA-SH was crosslinked with peptide-modified PEG-VS as described above for NP-HA scaffolds. Microparticles were made from NP-HA hydrogels using two methods: (1) batch fabrication using water/oil emulsification, which yields a wide range of particle sizes, 54 or a step-emulsification microfluidic device, which more tightly controls the microparticle diameter. 57 To produce polydisperse microparticles by emulsion, 100 μ L of hydrogel precursor solution was vortexed in 900 μ L mineral oil with 1% span 80 surfactant for 20 s before addition of 100 μ L mineral oil containing 0.1% triethylamine (Sigma-Aldrich), an oil-soluble base that raised the precursor pH and initiated cross-linking.…”

“…To create injectable scaffolds with macroporous architectures, we utilized a previously developed strategy in which spherical hydrogel particles can be injected and then tether to each other in situ so that the void space around the particles leaves an interconnected network of macropores. 54,57,58 These scaffolds can be created using hydrogel particles with wide (polydisperse) or narrow (monodisperse) size distributions. Packing densities of polydisperse and monodisperse particles have been previously studied with a focus on solid state systems where Lochmann et al found that the theoretical packing density of monodisperse particles, 64%, increases to 74% if particle distributions span an order of magnitude and further increases with greater variation.…”