Initiation efficiency and cytotoxicity of novel water-soluble two-photon photoinitiators for direct 3D microfabrication of hydrogels

Li, Zhiquan; Torgersen, Jan; Ajami, Aliasghar; Mühleder, Severin; Qin, Xiao‐Hua; Husinsky, W.; Holnthoner, Wolfgang; Ovsianikov, Aleksandr; Stampfl, Jürgen; Liska, Robert

doi:10.1039/c3ra42918k

Cited by 122 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

118

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Very recently, Liska and co-workers have developed a series of water-soluble two-photon initiators for 3D microfabrication of hydrogels [28,32]. For instance, a highly efficient initiator WSPI has been exploited to fabricate PEG hydrogels in the presence of living organisms [32].…”

Section: Water-soluble Photoinitiatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrogels are extensively explored as scaffolding materials for 2D/3D cell culture and tissue engineering. Owing to the substantial complexity of tissues, it is increasingly important to develop 3D biomimetic hydrogels with user-defined architectures and controllable biological functions. To this end, one promising approach is to utilize photolithography-based additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) in combination with photosensitive hydrogels. We here review recent advances in photolithography-based additive manufacturing of 3D hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. Given the importance of materials selection, we firstly give an overview of water-soluble photoinitiators for single-and two-photon polymerization, photopolymerizable hydrogel precursors and light-triggered chemistries for hydrogel formation.Through the text we discuss the design considerations of hydrogel precursors and synthetic approaches to polymerizable hydrogel precursors of synthetic and natural origins. Next, we shift to how photopolymerizable hydrogels could integrate with photolithography-based AMTs for creating well-defined hydrogel structures. We illustrate the working-principles of both single-and two-photon lithography and case studies of their applications in tissue engineering. In particular, two-photon lithography is highlighted as a powerful tool for 3D functionalization/construction of hydrogel constructs with μm-scale resolution. Within the text we also explain the chemical reactions involved in two-photon-induced biofunctionalization and polymerization. In the end, we summarize the limitations of available hydrogel systems and photolithography-based AMTs as well as a future outlook on potential optimizations.

show abstract

Section: Water-soluble Photoinitiatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In 3DLL a well chosen photoinitiator (PI) can improve fabrication throughput and structure qualities for a material used [6,7,[19][20][21]. The set of fabrication parameters needed for structuring material is generally refereed as fabrication window.…”

Section: Comparison Of Structuring Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Jonušauskas

Gailevičius

Mikoliūnaitė

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:We introduce optically clear and resilient free-form micro-optical components of pure (non-photosensitized) organic-inorganic SZ2080 material made by femtosecond 3D laser lithography (3DLL). This is advantageous for rapid printing of 3D micro-/nanooptics, including their integration directly onto optical fibers. A systematic study on the fabrication peculiarities and quality of resultant structures is performed. Comparison of microlenses' resiliency to CW and femtosecond pulsed exposure is determined. Experimental results prove that pure SZ2080 is ∼3 fold more resistant to high irradiance as compared with a standard photo-sensitized material and can sustain up to 1.91 GW/cm 2 intensity. 3DLL is a promising manufacturing approach for high-intensity micro-optics for emerging fields in astro-photonics and atto-second pulse generation. Additionally, pyrolysis is employed to shrink structures up to 40% by removing organic SZ2080 constituents. This opens a promising route towards downscaling photonic lattices and creation of mechanically robust glass-ceramic structures.

show abstract

“…Additionally, for newly developed compounds the 2PA spectra are essentially necessary as a guide line for designing molecular with higher 2PA cross section [13]. To determine the 2PA spectra a tunable laser or a high intense white light continuum (WLC) source should replace the single wavelength source in conventional Z-scan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersive white light continuum single Z-scan for rapid determination of degenerate two-photon absorption spectra

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present an experimental technique to determine the degenerate two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra by performing a single Z-scan using a high-spectral-irradiance white light continuum (WLC) generated by a hollow core fiber. The hollow fiber was filled with Argon (Ar) gas at a pressure of 0.6 bar and was pumped with 500 mJ, 30 fs, and 800 nm pulses. The broadband WLC pulses with 350 nm bandwidth in the range of 600-950 nm were compressed to sub-8 fs pulses. To characterize and interpret the data obtained from this method, the spectral, temporal and spatial characteristics of the WLC were first analyzed. The WLC emerging from the compressor was dispersed using a prism pair and then focused into the sample by a cylindrical lens. Since different spectral components are spatially separated, any part of the sample in the beam cross section is irradiated with almost single wavelength pulses leading to only a degenerate 2PA process. The nonlinear transmittance was then measured by a charge-coupled-device (CCD) line camera as a function of the sample position while the sample was moved along the beam direction by a motorized translation stage. In this way the Z-scans at different wavelengths in the WLC spectral range can be measured and thus the wavelength-resolved degenerate 2PA spectra can be obtained by performing a single scan using dispersive WLC. This method was verified on a well-characterized dye Rhodamine B and yield a reasonable agreement with the data found in the literature. We used this method to determine the 2PA spectra of some two-photon initiators (2PIs) developed for two-photon polymerization (2PP) based 3D micro-structuring.

show abstract

Initiation efficiency and cytotoxicity of novel water-soluble two-photon photoinitiators for direct 3D microfabrication of hydrogels

Cited by 122 publications

References 43 publications

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Dispersive white light continuum single Z-scan for rapid determination of degenerate two-photon absorption spectra

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Initiation efficiency and cytotoxicity of novel water-soluble two-photon photoinitiators for direct 3D microfabrication of hydrogels

Cited by 122 publications

References 43 publications

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>&micro;</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Dispersive white light continuum single Z-scan for rapid determination of degenerate two-photon absorption spectra

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography