Initially Tensioned Orthotropic Cylindrical Shells Conveying Fluid: A Vibration Analysis

Supplementary Calcium Restores Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Growth and Photosynthetic Capacity Under Low Nocturnal Temperature

“…Our results showed that foliar application of Ca 2+ enhanced leaf growth and dry matter accumulation of peanut roots, stems and leaves under LNT stress and improved the recovery (Figure 1). Previous studies have also shown that the pre-treatment of exogenous Ca 2+ improves plant growth and photosynthesis, and enhances cold resistance (Brauer et al, 1990); for example, in peanut , wheat (You et al, 2002), Chinese crab apple (Li et al, 2017) and tomato (Zhang et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2015). High-yielding peanuts are a calcium-demanding oil crop, with calcium critical for peanut growth and development (Wan, 2003).…”

“…In addition, exogenous calcium improves the cold tolerance of plants through two ways: one is the maintenance of the cell membrane and cell wall structure, and an enhanced activity of protective enzymes; the other is the transfer of low-temperature signals which induce the expression of cold-tolerance genes (White and Broadley, 2003;Li et al, 2017). In response to chilling stress, the pre-treatment of exogenous Ca 2+ significantly improved the physiological response including growth and photosynthesis in lowtemperature sensitive plant species such as peanut , wheat (You et al, 2002), Chinese crab apple (Li et al, 2017) and tomato (Zhang et al, 2014). It is generally believed that plant cell wall, mitochondria and chloroplasts have enormous capacity to store Ca 2+ (Hepler, 2005;Chen et al, 2015); moderate Ca 2+ concentrations can sustain cell wall growth and membrane integrity as well as osmotic functioning (Poovaiah and Leopold, 1973;Hepler, 2005;Qu et al, 2012); mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity is regulated by Ca 2+ (Anderson and Cormier, 1978;Møller et al, 1981); furthermore, the Ca 2+ /calmodulin is involved in the regulation of NAD kinase and photosynthesis (Jarrett et al, 1982;Rocha and Vothknecht, 2012).…”

Effects of Temperature Change on the Soil Water Characteristic Curve and a Prediction Model for the Mu Us Bottomland, Northern China

“…Since the SWCC cannot be directly derived from theory, scholars have generally used various empirical formulas to describe it such as the Brooks-Corey model [28], Gardner model [29], van Genuchten model [30], Russo model [31], and Fredlund and Xing model [32]. Xu et al [33] noted that the van Genuchten model has the advantage of universal applicability due to its use of a statistical aperture distribution model for estimating hydraulic conductivity. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and the root mean square error (RMSE) are used to evaluate the model fit.…”

Parametric resonance of a composite cylindrical shell containing pulsatile flow of hot fluid

“…The dynamic response of a pipe line conveying fluid with a pulsating flow has been illustrated. Zhang et al [13,14] have carried out studies on the vibratory characteristics of initially tensioned thin-walled orthotropic cylindrical tubes conveying fluid and initially tensioned orthotropic cylindrical shells conveying fluid. Further Zhang et al [15] have considered the initial stresses due to hydrodynamic pressure within the shell and its influence on the vibratory characteristics of a cylindrical shells conveying fluid.…”