Initial Report on Spanish Pediatric Oncologic, Hematologic and Post Stem Cell Transplantation Patients During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Faura, Anna; Rives, Susana; Lassaletta, A.; Sebastián, E.; Madero, L.; Huerta, Jorge; García‐Morín, Marina; Pérez, Ana Coca; Sisinni, L.; Astigarraga, Itziar; Velasco, Pablo; Gros, Luis; Moreno, Lucas; Carboné, Ana; Rodríguez‐Vigil, Carmen; Riesco, S.; Mendoza, M.C.; García, E.; Trabazo, María Rosaura Leis; Torrent, Montserrat; Badell, Isabel; Fuster, José Luís; Dominguez, N.; Ribelles, Antonio Juan; Pérez, Virginia; Sanmartín, M. Fernández; Baragaño, Marta; Gorostegui, Maite; Pérez, Sandra Martínez; Fernández‐Teijeiro, Ana; Madrid, Andrés Morales La; Dapena, José Luís

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3608115

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This significant behavior variability indicates that the impact of the infection in this population is multifactorial, influenced by the degree of immunosuppression by the underlying disease, the time of chemotherapy protocol and its intensity, and the individual genetic variability and susceptibility, all these factors modify the infection's behavior and influence the diversity of outcomes. 8,9,19,21 The data showed a 6% mortality rate attributable to COVID-19 in patients with pediatric oncologic diseases, close to what has been reported in cohorts with similar patients, as is the case in New York City with a reported mortality of 5.2% 8 and in Peru, approximately 10% mortality has been reported. 9 These data indicate higher mortality in patients with cancer compared with that reported in the general pediatric population, in which mortality rate between 0.09% and 0.2% have been described.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…However, the need for mechanical ventilation was slightly higher in our study, compared with between 4% and 11% in other reports. 8,9,19 Conversely, in other cohorts, 5,20 no mortality or complications associated with infection were reported in patients with cancer, even with low hospitalization rates. This significant behavior variability indicates that the impact of the infection in this population is multifactorial, influenced by the degree of immunosuppression by the underlying disease, the time of chemotherapy protocol and its intensity, and the individual genetic variability and susceptibility, all these factors modify the infection's behavior and influence the diversity of outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of a Cohort of Pediatric Oncohematologic Patients With COVID-19 Infection in the City of Bogotá, Colombia

Fonseca

Pardo

Linares

et al. 2021

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background:In children, the complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection occur less frequently than in adults but the characteristics of this disease in oncology patients are not well characterized. Methods: This was a retrospective study in patients younger than 18 years of age with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cancer diagnoses between April and September 2020. Demographic variables, laboratory, and radiologic findings and complications of each case were identified. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results: A total of 33 patients were identified; the median age was 10 years. Fifteen patients (42%) were in chemotherapy at the time of the infection diagnosis, in two patients the chemotherapy protocol was permanently suspended. The most common symptom was fever in 20 patients (60%). Seven patients (21.2%) showed mild pneumonia, four patients (12.1%) severe pneumonia, and three cases (9.0%) were classified as critical. In the evaluated cohort, five patients (15.1%) died, and in two of those, death was caused by COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: Children with an oncologic disease, the search for COVID cases should be oriented to patients with fever, including febrile neutropenia, the presence of respiratory symptoms, and the search for epidemiologic contact. A higher frequency of complications and mortality attributed to COVID-19, two in pediatric oncohematologic patients was found. Institutional strategies to detect the infection early and lower institutional infection are indicated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of a Cohort of Pediatric Oncohematologic Patients With COVID-19 Infection in the City of Bogotá, Colombia

Fonseca

Pardo

Linares

et al. 2021

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Selected studies reported retrospective observational data from single‐centre experiences [4– 6 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], multicentre experiences [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] or registry data [ 7 , 8 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Seventeen studies [ 8 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 23 , 24 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 44 , 45 ] were from Europe (1153 patients), seven studies [ 4 , 6 , 17 , 20 , 22 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventeen studies [ 8 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 23 , 24 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 44 , 45 ] were from Europe (1153 patients), seven studies [ 4 , 6 , 17 , 20 , 22 , 25 , 36 ] were from North America (238 patients), seven studies [ 5 , 16 , 21 , 26 , 30 , 32 , 42 ] were from the Middle East (185 patients), two studies [ 28 , 40 ] were from South America (41 patients), one study [ 27 ] was from Asia (28 patients) and two studies [ 7 , 43 ] included patients from multiple regions (496 patients). Seventeen studies [ 7 , 8 , 16 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 35 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 45 ] included both adult and paediatric transplant recipients, 13 studies […”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 outcomes in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Lim

Khan

Karpha

et al. 2022

eJHaem

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Up‐to‐date information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outcomes and risk factors in haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients is required to inform on decisions about cancer treatment and COVID‐19 mitigation strategies. We performed a meta‐analysis to address this knowledge gap. All studies with at least five patients who reported COVID‐19‐related deaths in HCT recipients were included. The primary outcome was COVID‐19‐related death. Secondary outcomes were COVID‐19‐related mechanical ventilation (MV) and intensive care unit (ITU) admission. The cumulative COVID‐19‐related death rate among HCT recipients was 21% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18%–24%), while MV and ITU admission rates were 14% (95% CI 11%–17%) and 18% (95% CI 14%–22%), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed higher death rates in patients who developed COVID‐19 within 12 months of HCT (risk ratio [RR] 1.82, 95% CI 1.09–3.03), within 6 months of receiving immunosuppressant drugs (RR 2.11, 95% CI 1.38–3.20) or in the context of active graft‐versus‐host disease (RR 2.38, 95% CI 1.10–5.16). Our findings support the idea that HCT should remain an integral part of cancer treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic but also highlight the need to prioritise preventative measures in those patients who are at increased risk of adverse COVID‐19 outcomes.

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“…4 Pediatric oncology patients who develop COVID-19 are described in case series and while the majority readily recover, several patients have died. [5][6][7] COVID-19 also has been shown to lead to immune system dysregulation, 8,9 and the long-term significance of this in children with leukemia who develop SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. Given that COVID-19 is a relatively new clinical entity, there are limited data as to whether SARS-CoV-2 infection affects incidence or outcome of leukemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated CNS Relapse in 2 High-Risk B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Walker

Reppucci

Thompson

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy with a highly favorable overall prognosis. Central nervous system (CNS) relapse of B-ALL is relatively rare and is associated with inferior survival outcomes. We present two patients with B-ALL who developed isolated CNS relapse following confirmed infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In addition to individual and disease factors, we posit that delays in therapy together with immune system modulation because of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may account for these 2 cases of CNS relapsed B-ALL. We report on this clinical observation to raise awareness of this potential association.

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Initial Report on Spanish Pediatric Oncologic, Hematologic and Post Stem Cell Transplantation Patients During SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of a Cohort of Pediatric Oncohematologic Patients With COVID-19 Infection in the City of Bogotá, Colombia

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of a Cohort of Pediatric Oncohematologic Patients With COVID-19 Infection in the City of Bogotá, Colombia

COVID‐19 outcomes in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Isolated CNS Relapse in 2 High-Risk B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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