Initial evaluation of bone ingrowth into a novel porous titanium coating

Abstract

Porous metals (sintered beads and meshes) have been used for many years for different orthopedic applications. Metal foams have been recently developed. These foams have the advantage of being more porous than the traditional coatings. Their high porosity provides more space for bone ingrowth and mechanical interlocking and presents more surface for implant‐bone contact. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo bone ingrowth into Ti implants covered with a novel Ti foam coating. This foam contains 50% in volume of interconnected pores and a higher surface area compared to dense Ti. Both coated implants and dense Ti controls were placed transcortically in the rat tibia. The animals were sacrificed at 2 weeks after implantation, and the amount of bone in the implants was determined using backscattered electron imaging and X‐ray microtomography. Already at this time interval, the pores within the Ti foam showed 97.7% bone filling, and the bone‐implant contact area was significantly increased compared to dense Ti controls. These initial results indicate that this novel Ti foam is biocompatible, has the capacity to sustain bone formation, and can potentially improve osseointegration. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010

Direct visualization and quantification of bone growth into porous titanium implants using micro computed tomography

“…Cylindrical implants, 4 mm in diameter and 5 mm in length, were prepared using a Ti foam process [22][23][24] (Fig. 1).…”

Functionalization of Microstructured Open-Porous Bioceramic Scaffolds with Human Fetal Bone Cells

“…The materials performed well as permanent implants for disc replacement in animal models. [31][32][33] Ceramics derived from calcium phosphate mimics the mineral structure of bone, and bone cells were shown to recognize and bind to such ceramics. 34,35 Calcium phosphate-based ceramics have been previously shown to display bone integration properties 36,37 and calcium aluminate further increases osteointegration.…”

The Otto Aufranc Award: Demineralized Bone Matrix Around Porous Implants Promotes Rapid Gap Healing and Bone Ingrowth

“…After foaming, the binder was removed and the part was sintered to consolidate the structure. The final structure had 55% volume porosity and an average pore size of 375 lm [38].…”

“…However, after revision THA, patients are left nonweightbearing for no longer than 12 weeks to allow for implant stabilization by bone ingrowth; therefore, bone graft substitutes taking longer than 12 weeks to be effective are not practical. Also, no prior DBM studies utilized the new higher porosity implants now common in revision THA [5,17,24,27,29], even though implant surface topography influences bone ingrowth [6,15,16,23,38].…”