“…However, existing studies have not explored the interaction effects between socioeconomic variables and time periods on ASMR of CBD in urban and rural areas. Indeed, while the educational level is widely used to act as a comparable socioeconomic indicator, it is important to acknowledge that socioeconomic inequality encompasses various factors beyond education, including income, occupation, and other social determinants of health [24,25]. Our study produced consistent results with prior research regarding the influence of socioeconomic inequality on CBD mortality.…”
Background/Objective
Limited evidence exists regarding the socioeconomic inequalities in cerebrovascular disease (CBD) mortality at different urbanization levels. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and urbanization levels in township-based CBD mortality in Taiwan.
Methods
Socioeconomic variables, including the percentages of low-income households, individuals with a university education and above, and tax payments, were measured at the township level from 2011 to 2020. Urbanization was also determined by the national survey and divided into seven levels. Age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of CBD was calculated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in 358 townships. The effects of socioeconomic variables and urbanization levels on relative and absolute inequalities in township-based CBD mortality rates were examined.
Results
Significant differences in ASMR of CBD were observed across all socioeconomic status indicators over the years. Higher proportions of low-income households were associated with higher ASMR of CBD. Conversely, there were negative correlations between higher proportions of individuals with a university education and above and tax payments with ASMR of CBD. The regression analysis indicated significant impacts of relative and absolute socioeconomic inequalities on ASMR of CBD. Additionally, a moderation effect of socioeconomic variables and urbanization on CBD mortality rates was observed, with rural areas showing sensitivity to these factors.
Conclusion
Although ASMR of CBD showed significant decreases over time, socioeconomic inequalities in CBD mortality rates persist. Interventions targeting socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes, especially in rural areas, are needed to address this issue.
“…However, existing studies have not explored the interaction effects between socioeconomic variables and time periods on ASMR of CBD in urban and rural areas. Indeed, while the educational level is widely used to act as a comparable socioeconomic indicator, it is important to acknowledge that socioeconomic inequality encompasses various factors beyond education, including income, occupation, and other social determinants of health [24,25]. Our study produced consistent results with prior research regarding the influence of socioeconomic inequality on CBD mortality.…”
Background/Objective
Limited evidence exists regarding the socioeconomic inequalities in cerebrovascular disease (CBD) mortality at different urbanization levels. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the socioeconomic inequalities and urbanization levels in township-based CBD mortality in Taiwan.
Methods
Socioeconomic variables, including the percentages of low-income households, individuals with a university education and above, and tax payments, were measured at the township level from 2011 to 2020. Urbanization was also determined by the national survey and divided into seven levels. Age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of CBD was calculated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in 358 townships. The effects of socioeconomic variables and urbanization levels on relative and absolute inequalities in township-based CBD mortality rates were examined.
Results
Significant differences in ASMR of CBD were observed across all socioeconomic status indicators over the years. Higher proportions of low-income households were associated with higher ASMR of CBD. Conversely, there were negative correlations between higher proportions of individuals with a university education and above and tax payments with ASMR of CBD. The regression analysis indicated significant impacts of relative and absolute socioeconomic inequalities on ASMR of CBD. Additionally, a moderation effect of socioeconomic variables and urbanization on CBD mortality rates was observed, with rural areas showing sensitivity to these factors.
Conclusion
Although ASMR of CBD showed significant decreases over time, socioeconomic inequalities in CBD mortality rates persist. Interventions targeting socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes, especially in rural areas, are needed to address this issue.
“…O cenário epidemiológico atual do Brasil conta com a prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como a obesidade, hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus. Este aumento tem sido impactado pela acelerada transição demográfica e nutricional 7 . Segundo o Atlas do Diabetes da Federação Internacional de Diabetes (IDF), O Brasil ocupa o 5º lugar dos países com maior incidência de diabetes, são cerca de 16,8 milhões de doentes adultos 8 .…”
O diabetes mellitus (DM) é caracterizada como uma doença crônica não transmissível e é considerado um problema de saúde pública para todos os países, independente do seu grau de desenvolvimento. A evolução do DM resulta em complicações macrovasculares, como a cardiopatia artéria sistêmica, acidente vascular cerebral, doença arterial periférica, e causas microvasculares como a retinopatia, nefropatia e neuropatia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, ecológico e quantitativo, sobre internação hospitalar por diabetes mellitus no período de janeiro de 2020 a maio de 2023 (último mês com dados disponíveis no sistema no momento da consulta). Coletaram-se os dados referentes a internações, óbitos, sexo (masculino e feminino), faixa etária, média de permanência e custos hospitalares, no Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS). A tabulação e análise descritiva dos dados foram inseridas no programa Microsoft Office Excel. Registraram se 445.416 internações hospitalares e 19.998 óbitos por DM. Destacaram-se além disso, os custos hospitalares acima de 351 milhões e a média de permanência hospitalar de 7,12 dias. Verificou-se que as informações sobre o número de internações, custos hospitalares e óbitos estão sofrendo a cada ano um aumento significativo em decorrência de complicações por DM, ocasionando impactos expressivos aos cofres públicos.
“…As condições de trabalho, a precariedade da vida e a mercantilização de todas as suas dimensões com a privatização da saúde têm acirrado as contradições inerentes ao mecanismo de reprodução do capital 33,35 . Enquanto projeto econômico, o capitalismo neoliberal produziu desigualdades e iniquidades em saúde, pauperização, insegurança alimentar, concentração urbana desordenada, combinada com condições de moradia e saneamento precárias 36,37 . Esse processo avançou rapidamente nas últimas três décadas, quando o perfil epidemiológico incorporou às doenças infectoparasitárias e carenciais as "modernas" doenças crônicas não transmissíveis -características dos modos de vida e de alimentação induzidas pela urbanização, sedentarismo e padrão de consumo [38][39][40] .…”
Section: A Amplitude Da Pandemia Em Uma Sinergia De Fenômenosunclassified
Resumo Os impactos da pandemia do novo coronavírus na sociedade brasileira revelaram um cenário que extrapola uma crise sanitária. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as causas e consequências de uma crise sistêmica sob a ordem econômica neoliberal lastreada na proeminência dos mercados e da exclusão social, enquanto o papel do Estado como garantidor de direitos sociais é negligenciado. A metodologia adotada segue uma perspectiva interdisciplinar crítica dos campos da economia política e das ciências sociais presente em relatórios socioeconômicos referidos nesta análise. Argumenta-se que a racionalidade neoliberal, orientando as políticas governamentais e presente no ambiente social, contribuiu para um aprofundamento das desigualdades estruturais no Brasil, gerando condições propícias para o agravamento dos impactos causados pela pandemia na sociedade, em particular nos segmentos sociais mais vulneráveis.
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