Inhibitory Effect of a Synthetic Antibiotic Mouthwash (QR‐711) on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis in Young Adults

Carlson, Harvey C.; Porter, C. Kendall

doi:10.1902/jop.1973.44.4.225

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In studies of chlorhexidine, Loe and Schiott (1970) reported that twice daily rinsing with 0.2% chlorhexidine prevented gingivitis. Using a similar protocol, Carlson and Porter (1973) found that Alexidine was effective in plaque reduction but effects on gingivitis were inconclusive. The results of the present study suggest that octenidine may be almost as effective as chiorhexidine in the inhibition of plaque and gingivifis.…”

Section: Effect On Plaque and Gingivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of octenidine mouthrinse on plaque formation and gingivitis in humans

Patters

Nalbandian

Nichols

et al. 1986

J of Periodontal Research

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Octenidine, a new bispyridine mouthrinse, has been shown to prevent plaque formation in humans over a seven‐day period. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of octenidine on plaque and gingivitis development in humans using a 21‐day experimental gingivitis model. Eighty‐eight subjects with a Plaque Index (PII) and Gingival Index (GI) ≤ 0.4 were randomly assigned to 4 coded formulations: 1) 0.1% octenidine in mouthwash vehicle used 3 times a day (TID), 2) 0.1% octenidine in mouthwash vehicle used twice a day (BID), placebo rinse once a day, 3) 0.1% octenidine in water used 3 times a day, and 4) mouthwash vehicle alone used 3 times a day (VEH). Each subject refrained from all mechanical plaque control and rinsed morning, noon, and evening under supervision with 15 ml of assigned formulation for 60 s. At 0, 7, 14, and 21 days, Pit, GI, and mucosal tolerance were assessed. Tooth stain was measured at day 0 and twice at day 21 (prior to and immediately following a single toothbrushing). By day seven of the rinse phase, significant mucosal irritation had occurred in several subjects in the octenidine in water group. Therefore, that group was discontinued from the study and the remaining 66 subjects continued. The mean PII increased in the VEH group from a mean of 0.13 at day 0 to 1.08, 1.39, and 1.69 at days 7, 14, and 21, respectively. In contrast, the mean PII of the TID and BID groups did not increase over the 21 day period (0.14 and 0.10, 0.18 and 0.22, 0.15 and 0.16, 0.12 and 0.16 at day 0, 7, 14, and 21 for TID and BID, respectively). Although the TID and BID groups did not statistically differ at any point, both groups demonstrated significantly less plaque accumulation than the VEH group at days 7, 14, and 21 (p < 0.000001). Gingivitis, as measured by GI, increased significantly in the VEH group from a mean of 0.14 at day 0, to 0.58, 0.84 and 0.98 at day 7, 14, and 21. Both the TID and BID groups demonstrated a small increase in mean GI, rising from 0.12 and 0.16 at day 0 to 0.21 and 0.24, 0.29 and 0.27, and 0.32 and 0.31 at days 7, 14, and 21 for TID and BID, respectively. Again, the TID and BID groups were not different while both had significantly less gingivitis than the VEH group at days 7, 14, and 21 (p 0.000002). Stain, observed in 26 subjects in the TID and BID groups at day 21, was removed by a single toothbrushing in all but 5 subjects. No significant adverse reactions were observed in the remaining subjects. These results demonstrate that octenidine, when used as the only means of oral hygiene for 21 days, will significantly inhibit the development of plaque and gingivitis.

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Section: Effect On Plaque and Gingivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of octenidine mouthrinse on plaque formation and gingivitis in humans

Patters

Nalbandian

Nichols

et al. 1986

J of Periodontal Research

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“…However, CHX has been shown to have no tissue-dissolving activity and, when combined with NaOCl, produces para-chloroaniline, a toxic precipitate. 11–13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of antibacterial activity of alexidine alone or as a final irrigant with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine

Silva

Alves²,

Lutterbach³

et al. 2018

BDJ Open

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Aims:To compare the antibacterial activity of alexidine (ALX) alone or as a final irrigant in combination with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), with the most common canal irrigants, NaOCl and chlorhexidine (CHX).Materials and methods:Ninety-four root fragments from extracted human teeth were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 24 h and then distributed into 4 groups of 20 fragments each. The NaOCl, CHX and ALX groups were immersed in 1 ml of 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 1% ALX for 10 min, respectively. The samples of the NaOCl+ALX group were immersed in 1 ml of 2.5% NaOCl for 10 min followed by 1% ALX for 10 min. Bacteriological samples were taken, cultured, and the colony-forming units were counted.Results:There was no significant differences among the experimental groups (P>0.05) except for the comparisons CHX versus ALX and NaOCl+ALX versus ALX (P=0.004). ALX alone was the worst irrigant. CHX and NaOCl+ALX eradicated all bacteria. All experimental groups were significantly more effective than the control group immersed in saline (P<0.05).Conclusions:The antibacterial effect of ALX alone was inferior to 2% CHX and 2.5% NaOCl. However, the combination of NaOCl with ALX as a final irrigant eradicated the biofilms.

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The formation of stain on acrylic surfaces by the interaction of cationic antiseptic mouthwashes and tea

Addy

Moran

1984

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Clinical and in vitro studies have implicated dietary components as major aetiological factors in staining of teeth and acrylic materials associated with chlorhexidine use, a local side effect not unique to this antiseptic. These experiments studied the precipitation and surface staining reactions of the cationic antiseptics alexidine, cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine, and hexetidine, with the beverage tea. All of the antiseptics precipitated a standard tea solution and for alexidine and chlorhexidine acetate and gluconate, this was at concentrations greater than 100 mumol/L, for hexetidine greater than 200 mumol/L, and for CPC greater than 400 mumol/L. With the exception of CPC precipitation was reduced with decreasing pH and for chlorhexidine was inhibited below pH 3. The addition of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to the antiseptic solutions increased the precipitation concentrations by an amount calculated to be adsorbed by polymer. Acrylic blocks treated with equimolar solutions of the antiseptics became progressively and significantly more stained by tea than control specimens over a 5-day period. Alexidine induced significantly greater staining and hexetidine significantly less than the other antiseptics. Staining was pH dependent and significantly reduced as the pH decreased. Both stain and precipitates were insoluble in strong acids and alkalis. It is concluded that staining observed clinically may represent a precipitation reaction with the complexing of antiseptics with dietary chromogenic material.

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Inhibitory Effect of a Synthetic Antibiotic Mouthwash (QR‐711) on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis in Young Adults

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of octenidine mouthrinse on plaque formation and gingivitis in humans

Effects of octenidine mouthrinse on plaque formation and gingivitis in humans

Comparison of antibacterial activity of alexidine alone or as a final irrigant with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine

The formation of stain on acrylic surfaces by the interaction of cationic antiseptic mouthwashes and tea

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