Inhibitory Activity of <i>Polyalthia longifolia</i>, <i>Anaphalis lawii</i> and <i>Gnidia glauca</i> against Colletotrichum <i>capsici</i> and Urinary Tract Pathogens

Abstract

Article InformationThe present study was conducted with an aim of determining inhibitory effect of extracts from different parts of Polyalthia longifolia (leaf, ripe and unripe pericarp), Anaphalis lawii (leaf and flower), Gnidia glauca (leaf, bark and flower) against Colletotrichum capsici and urinary tract pathogens. The shade dried plant materials were extracted using methanol. Antifungal effect of extracts was evaluated against Colletotrichum capsici isolated from anthracnose of chilli by Poisoned food technique. Antibacterial activity of extracts was determined against five antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections by Agar well diffusion assay. The extracts caused marked inhibition of mycelial growth of C. capsici as indicated by reduced diameter of fungal colonies on poisoned plates. Extracts of P. longifolia inhibited C. capsici to higher extent followed by A. lawii and G. glauca. All extracts from selected plants inhibited test bacteria but to varied extent. Susceptibility was higher in case of Gram positive when compared to Gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were inhibited to higher extent among Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria respectively. Among plants, P. longifolia caused higher inhibition of test bacteria. The extracts from the selected plants can be considered as promising sources of bioactive agents which can be used to treat urinary tract infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria and to control anthracnose of chilli. Further studies are to be carried in order to isolate and characterize bioactive principles from extracts and to determine their inhibitory potential against C. capsici and uropathogens.

Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf and Pericarp Extracts of Polyalthia Longifolia (Annonaceae)

“…Similar result was observed in our previous study in which the leaf and pericarp extracts showed inhibition of C. capsici isolated from anthracnose of chilli. The unripe pericarp extract inhibited C. capsici to higher extent when compared to leaf and ripe pericarp extracts which displayed similar inhibition of the fungus 24 . It has been shown that leaf extract exhibited marked growth inhibition of S. rolfsii causing collar rot of lentil 42 .…”

“…In an earlier study, leaf and pericarps extract exhibited stronger inhibition of Gram positive uropathogenic bacteria viz., S. aureus and Enterococcus faecalis when compared to Gram negative uropathogenic bacteria. Unripe pericarp displayed stronger inhibition of uropathogens followed by ripe and leaf extracts 24 . A clerodanediterpenoid isolated from leaves inhibited S. aureus to higher extent than Gram negative bacteria 15 .…”

“…An aqueous extract from leaves has shown inhibition of seed borne fungi isolated from green gram 23 . In a previous study of us, the leaf, ripe pericarp and unripe pericarp extracts of P. longifolia were shown to exhibit marked inhibitory activity against the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum capsici (from anthracnose of chilli) and drug resistant Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria from urinary tract infections 24 . In the present study, we determined antimicrobial activity of leaf, ripe and unripe pericarp extract of P. longifolia.…”

Commentary on Therapeutic Potential of Gnidia glauca: A Novel Medicinal Plant

“…The active extracts showed a high total phenolic (126.25 ± 0.20 µg GAE/ mg) and flavonoid (25.75 ± 0.10 µg CE/mg) content [3]. G. glauca bark extract is reported to have superior antibacterial activity against urinary tract infection causing pathogens like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalisas compared to leaf and flower [4].…”