Inhibitory activities of Cystoseira crinita sulfated polysaccharide on key enzymes related to diabetes and hypertension: in vitro and animal study

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of the Cystoseira crinita sulfated polysaccharide (CCSP) on key enzymes activities related to diabetes in vitro and in diabetic rats. We found that CCSP inhibited pancreatic α-amylase with IC = 39.16 μg/ml and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity with IC=58.35 μg/ml in vitro. In diabetic rats, the administration of CCSP reduced the activity of α-amylase in serum, pancreas, and intestine by 23%, 44.38%, and 45%, respectively as compared to untreated diabetic rats. Moreover, the administration of CCSP to surviving diabetic rats protects pancreas β cells from death and damage, which leads to insulin levels. The decrease in α-amylase and the increase in insulin level lead to a decrease in glucose rate by 56% as compared to untreated diabetic rats. The inhibitory action of α-amylase activity and hypoglycemic effect of CCSP were confirmed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In addition, the administration of CCSP to surviving diabetic rats normalizes lipid profile, stimulates antioxidant capacity, and prevents liver-kidney toxicities, evidenced by decrease in serum indices of liver and kidney toxicity and confirmed by histological analysis. The overall findings presented in this study demonstrate that the administration of CCSP to diabetic rats can make it a potentially strong candidate for industrial application as a pharmacological agent for the treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and liver-kidney dysfunctions.

Considerable Production of Ulvan from Ulva lactuca with Special Emphasis on Its Antimicrobial and Anti-fouling Properties

“…The separation and detection of the formed silyl sugar derivatives were accomplished using a previously reported method: the column used was HP5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm), the temperature of the detector and the injector were set at 320 °C, the column temperature was firstly set at 100 °C for 1 min, and then ramped from 100 to 260 °C at 4 °C for 1 min, and then the temperature was set for 10 min at 260 °C. Helium was used as carrier gas at 1 mL min −1 [ 30 ]. The detected sugars were identified by comparing their masses with the NIST library [ 31 ].…”

Oleanolic Acid and Its Derivatives: Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential in Chronic Diseases

“…Inhibition of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes is an important strategy in the control of postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes [ 70 , 71 ]. Castellano et al [ 33 ] isolated OA from the leaves of olive plant and investigated its ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes.…”

Chemical characterization of sulfated polysaccharides from Gracilaria gracilis and Ulva lactuca and their radical scavenging, metal chelating, and cholinesterase inhibitory activities

“…The polysaccharides extracted from G. gracilis (PGCL), and U. lactuca (PULV) were prepared as described by Gara et al [16] Briefly 200 g of the dried powder of the seaweeds were de-pigmented with hexane (400 mL) and were allowed to dry. Extraction was done with water at 90-95ºC for 2h.…”

“…Helium was used as carrier gas at 1 mL/min. [16] The compounds were identified by comparing the mass spectra with those in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST 2014) library.…”