Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans Growth by Hen Egg‐derived Fatty Acids

Abstract

Hen egg yolk contains significant antibacterial activity. We show that this activity is associated with the release of free fatty acids. Chloroform-methanol extraction on egg yolk demonstrated the activity to be lipoprotein-bound before enzymatic digestion and associated with the lipid-soluble chloroform phase afterward. Acetone extraction yielded a fraction of egg yolk, which was 97% triglyceride and highly antibacterial to Streptococcus mutans when treated with pancreatin. The fatty acid profile of the extract reflected the proportions known to exist in egg yolk. Both oleic and linoleic acid were found to inhibit growth of S. mutans. These findings highlight a previously unreported potential of hen egg yolk in future healthcare applications.

Biological Activities of Egg Yolk Lipids: A Review

“…Previous studies have shown that intakes of EY may increase the risks of CVDs ascribed to high levels of cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, resulting in supplement deficiency for consumers . Anyway, recent reports indicate that there is no association between proper intakes of eggs in healthy people and CVDs. , On the contrary, EY and its components possess numerous physiological benefits, particularly regarding anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, protecting eyesight, and improving memory. ,− It is well-known that phospholipids (PLs) and choline are essential for nervous system structural and functional integrity . EY is just a valuable source of PLs and choline .…”

Production of nigericin and niphimycin by soil isolate Streptomyces sp. MS1: Anti-Candida bioassay guided response surface methodology for the optimized culture medium

“…Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was studied by using a previously reported 96-well microtiter plate assay (Brady et al, 2003). The microtiter plate-based assay allowed bacterial growth at 30°C and its inhibition to be assessed over time.…”

Potent Anticariogenic Activity of Aceriphyllum rossii and Its Components, Aceriphyllic Acid A and 3‐oxoolean‐12‐en‐27‐oic Acid

“…Natural antibiotic agents from various medicinal plants and food materials have recently been investigated as promising agents to prevent dental caries (Katsura and others 2001; Hwang and others 2004; Bakri and Douglas 2005). Hen‐egg yolk, bacteriocin, and chitosan have been reported to significantly inhibit the growth of S. mutans (Brady and others 2002, 2003; Oh and others 2003; Hayashi and others 2007). Several polyphenols in the green tea extracts such as catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, and so on, inhibit the growth of oral pathogens (Otake and others 1991).…”