Inhibition ofStaphylococcus epidermidisBiofilm Formation by Traditional Thai Herbal Recipes Used for Wound Treatment

Abstract

Development of biofilm is a key mechanism involved in Staphylococcus epidermidis virulence during device-associated infections. We aimed to investigate antibiofilm formation and mature biofilm eradication ability of ethanol and water extracts of Thai traditional herbal recipes including THR-SK004, THR-SK010, and THR-SK011 against S. epidermidis. A biofilm forming reference strain, S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 was employed as a model for searching anti-biofilm agents by MTT reduction assay. The results revealed that the ethanol extract of THR-SK004 (THR-SK004E) could inhibit the formation of S. epidermidis biofilm on polystyrene surfaces. Furthermore, treatments with the extract efficiently inhibit the biofilm formation of the pathogen on glass surfaces determined by scanning electron microscopy and crystal violet staining. In addition, THR-SK010 ethanol extract (THR-SK010E; 0.63–5 μg/mL) could decrease 30 to 40% of the biofilm development. Almost 90% of a 7-day-old staphylococcal biofilm was destroyed after treatment with THR-SK004E (250 and 500 μg/mL) and THR-SK010E (10 and 20 μg/mL) for 24 h. Therefore, our results clearly demonstrated THR-SK004E could prevent the staphylococcal biofilm development, whereas both THR-SK004E and THR-SK010E possessed remarkable eradication ability on the mature staphylococcal biofilm.

Antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of a polyherbal formula and its constituents against coagulase-negative and -positive staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis

“…These results were similar to observations with biofilmforming strain of P. aeruginosa (Chusri, Sompetch et al 2013). Moreover, previous study has revealed the anti-biofilm potency of YSMP against the biofilm-positive strain, S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 (Chusri, Settharaksa et al 2013).…”

“…An ethanol extract of YSMP had no cytotoxic effect and exhibited good anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Its ethanol extract additionally possessed anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (Chusri, Settharaksa et al 2013) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Chusri, Sompetch et al 2013).…”

Purification and synergistic antibacterial activity of arginine derived cyclic dipeptides, from Achromobacter sp. associated with a rhabditid entomopathogenic nematode against major clinically relevant biofilm forming wound bacteria

“…TSBGlc containing 0.2% DMSO was employed as a negative control. Non-treated control TSBGlc without the test compounds and ampicillin and the medium with each concentration of the test compounds was used as the blank control (Chusri et al, 2012 ). After incubation for 24 h at 37°C, the impact of the combinations on the growth of test bacteria was evaluated using the microplate (ELISA) reader (Bio-rad, USA) at an optical density of 600 nm.…”

“…After 3 h, MTT solution was replaced by adding DMSO (200 μl). Bacterial pathogens with an active electron transport system will easily reduce the tetrazolium salt to a water-insoluble purple formazan product (Chusri et al, 2012 ). The color intensity was determined by an ELISA microplate reader (Bio-rad, USA) at 482 nm.…”

Purification and evaluation of glycerol teichoic acid from biofilm forming Staphylococcus epidermidis as a putative vaccine candidate

“…The ability of biofilm formation for the utilized strain was tested based on the procedure described elsewhere [16]. Moreover, Gly-TA was recovered from S. epidermidis strain 1457 based on Wergeland study [17] with slight modifications.…”