Inhibition of glutathione synthesis reduces chilling tolerance in maize

Kocsy, Gábor; Ballmoos, Peter von; Suter, Marianne; Rüegsegger, Adrian; Galli, Ulrich; Szalai, Gabriella; Galiba, Gábor; Brunold, Christian

doi:10.1007/s004250000308

Cited by 62 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Strong evidence for a relationship between tissue glutathione and chilling tolerance in maize has come from several studies by Kocsy and co-workers. In particular, these authors have shown that chilling tolerance is accompanied by increased g-ECS activity and GSH accumulation (Kocsy et al, 1996(Kocsy et al, , 2000a(Kocsy et al, , 2000b(Kocsy et al, , 2001b. Hence, we cloned maize genes encoding g-ECS and GSH-S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf glutathione contents correlate with chilling resistance in maize (Kocsy et al, 1996(Kocsy et al, , 2000a(Kocsy et al, , 2000b(Kocsy et al, , 2001a(Kocsy et al, , 2001b. Furthermore, our previous data suggest that one factor in the sensitivity of maize to both shortterm and long-term chilling may be restrictions over glutathione reduction and cycling between cell types (Doulis et al, 1997;Pastori et al, 2000a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Avoidance of active oxygen species-induced cell death and senescence requires efficient antioxidant protection (Foyer and Noctor, 2000). Among the battery of antioxidants found in leaves, the tripeptide thiol glutathione (GSH; g-Glu-Cys-Gly) is strongly implicated in chilling tolerance, particularly in maize (Kocsy et al, 1996(Kocsy et al, , 2000a(Kocsy et al, , 2000b(Kocsy et al, , 2001a(Kocsy et al, , 2001b. Glutathione is the major thiol redox buffer in the soluble phase of most aerobic cells and in plants is involved in redox signaling, modulation of enzyme activity, control of root development, and in processes that modify and transport hormones and other endogenous compounds and xenobiotics, via formation of glutathione S-conjugates (May et al, 1998a;.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Intercellular Distribution of Glutathione Synthesis in Maize Leaves and Its Response to Short-Term Chilling

et al. 2004

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To investigate the intercellular control of glutathione synthesis and its influence on leaf redox state in response to short-term chilling, genes encoding g-glutamylcysteine synthetase (g-ECS) and glutathione synthetase (GSH-S) were cloned from maize (Zea mays) and specific antibodies produced. These tools were used to provide the first information on the intercellular distribution of g-ECS and GSH-S transcript and protein in maize leaves, in both optimal conditions and chilling stress. A 2-d exposure to low growth temperatures (chill) had no effect on leaf phenotype, whereas return to optimal temperatures (recovery) caused extensive leaf bleaching. The chill did not affect total leaf GSH-S transcripts but strongly induced g-ECS mRNA, an effect reversed during recovery. The chilling-induced increase in g-ECS transcripts was not accompanied by enhanced total leaf g-ECS protein or extractable activity. In situ hybridization and immunolocalization of leaf sections showed that g-ECS and GSH-S transcripts and proteins were found in both the bundle sheath (BS) and the mesophyll cells under optimal conditions. Chilling increased g-ECS transcript and protein in the BS but not in the mesophyll cells. Increased BS g-ECS was correlated with a 2-fold increase in both leaf Cys and g-glutamylcysteine, but leaf total glutathione significantly increased only in the recovery period, when the reduced glutathione to glutathione disulfide ratio decreased 3-fold. Thus, while there was a specific increase in the potential contribution of the BS cells to glutathione synthesis during chilling, it did not result in enhanced leaf glutathione accumulation at low temperatures. Return to optimal temperatures allowed glutathione to increase, particularly glutathione disulfide, and this was associated with leaf chlorosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 85%

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confidence: 99%

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Intercellular Distribution of Glutathione Synthesis in Maize Leaves and Its Response to Short-Term Chilling

et al. 2004

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“…Several transgenic plants with elevated levels of GSH have been shown to be resistant to oxidative stress (Foyer et al, 1995;Wellburn et al, 1998). In addition, elevated GSH synthesis by increasing g-glutamyl-Cys synthetase activity was shown to correlate with cadmium resistance in cultured tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cells (Chen and Goldsbrough, 1994) and chilling tolerance (Kocsy et al, 2000(Kocsy et al, , 2001. During the growing stage, an exogenous supply of GSH alone at 400 mM had an obvious effect of enhancing the drought tolerance of wild-type plants.…”

Section: The Roles Of Gsh and Aba In Enhancing Drought And Salt Tolermentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance of an Arabidopsis Glutathione S-Transferase U17 Knockout Mutant Are Attributed to the Combined Effect of Glutathione and Abscisic Acid

et al. 2012

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Although glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are thought to play major roles in oxidative stress metabolism, little is known about the regulatory functions of GSTs. We have reported that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE U17 (AtGSTU17; At1g10370) participates in light signaling and might modulate various aspects of development by affecting glutathione (GSH) pools via a coordinated regulation with phytochrome A. Here, we provide further evidence to support a negative role of AtGSTU17 in drought and salt stress tolerance. When AtGSTU17 was mutated, plants were more tolerant to drought and salt stresses compared with wild-type plants. In addition, atgstu17 accumulated higher levels of GSH and abscisic acid (ABA) and exhibited hyposensitivity to ABA during seed germination, smaller stomatal apertures, a lower transpiration rate, better development of primary and lateral root systems, and longer vegetative growth. To explore how atgstu17 accumulated higher ABA content, we grew wild-type plants in the solution containing GSH and found that they accumulated ABA to a higher extent than plants grown in the absence of GSH, and they also exhibited the atgstu17 phenotypes. Wild-type plants treated with GSH also demonstrated more tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Furthermore, the effect of GSH on root patterning and drought tolerance was confirmed by growing the atgstu17 in solution containing L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis. In conclusion, the atgstu17 phenotype can be explained by the combined effect of GSH and ABA. We propose a role of AtGSTU17 in adaptive responses to drought and salt stresses by functioning as a negative component of stress-mediated signal transduction pathways.

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“…GR activity was measured according to Kocsy et al (2000) with slight modifications. Absorbance was taken at 412nm for 3m (extinction coefficient 6.2mM -1 cm -1 ).…”

Section: Glutathione Reductase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. and Entodon plicatus C.Muell. (Bryophyta) from Rajasthan, India

Singh¹,

Alam²,

Sharma³

2016

IJSRK

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Abstract. Plants are the ultimate source of drugs against many communicable diseases since time immemorial. Multitudinous drugs have been obtained from countless plant species. However, invariably angiosperms were the preferred choice of most of the workers and other plant groups remain somewhat unexplored in this direction. Hence, the aim of the present study was to examine the phytochemicals, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of two such neglected mosses (bryophyta), Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. and Entodon plicatus C. Muell. (Bryopsida). In preluded phytochemical analysis cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, anthroquinone, terpenoids, tannins, phenolic, proteins, fats and fixed oils were observed by using standard tests. It was found that E. plicatus contains more amount of phytochemicals than H. involuta. The antioxidant activity of both the plants was also determined according to standard protocols and appealing results were found. Comparative analysis was done for the activity of Catalase, Peroxidase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Glutathione reductase and Superoxide dismutase and interesting observations were made. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of both the plants was evaluated against Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus and Escherichia coli by using the Agar well diffusion method. Extract of H. involuta showed a greater inhibitory activity than Entodon plicatus. Bacillus spp. (gram+ve) were found more affected than E. coli (gram-ve).

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Inhibition of glutathione synthesis reduces chilling tolerance in maize

Cited by 62 publications

References 47 publications

Intercellular Distribution of Glutathione Synthesis in Maize Leaves and Its Response to Short-Term Chilling

Intercellular Distribution of Glutathione Synthesis in Maize Leaves and Its Response to Short-Term Chilling

Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance of an Arabidopsis Glutathione S-Transferase U17 Knockout Mutant Are Attributed to the Combined Effect of Glutathione and Abscisic Acid

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. and Entodon plicatus C.Muell. (Bryophyta) from Rajasthan, India

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