Inhibition of Gastric Emptying by Bombesin in Man

Scarpignato, Carmelo; Micali, B; Vitulo, F; Zimbaro, G; Bertaccini, G.

doi:10.1159/000198702

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The closely related molecular entity, bombesin, which is derived from the skin of an amphibian, Bombina bombina, is a 14 amino acid peptide with identical 10 amino acid sequence in the N terminal, inhibited gastric emptying in humans with i.v. infusion [14]. On the other hand, blockade of bombesin receptors resulted in inhibition of gastric emptying [15].…”

Section: Gastrin-releasing Peptidementioning

confidence: 98%

Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying

Camilleri¹

2019

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Purpose of the Review: This review examines the hormonal regulation of gastric emptying, a topic of increasing relevance, given the fact that medications that are analogs of some of these hormones or act as agonists at the hormonal receptors, are used in clinical practice for optimizing metabolic control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and in obesity. Findings: The major effects on gastric emptying result from actions of incretins, particularly GIP, GLP-1 and PYY, the duodenal and pancreatic hormones, motilin, glucagon and amylin, and the gastric orexigenic hormones, ghrelin and motilin. All of these hormones delay gastric emptying, except for ghrelin and motilin which accelerate gastric emptying. These effects on gastric emptying parallel the effects of the hormones on satiation (by those retarding emptying) and increase appetite by those that accelerate emptying. Indeed, in addition to the effects of these hormones on hypothalamic appetite centers and glycemic control, there is evidence that some of their biological effects are mediated through actions on the stomach, particularly with the GLP-1 analogs or agonists used in treating obesity. Summary: Effects of gastrointestinal hormones on gastric emptying are increasingly recognized as important mediators of satiation and postprandial glycemic control.

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Section: Gastrin-releasing Peptidementioning

confidence: 98%

Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying

Camilleri¹

2019

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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“…In a previous paper [41] we studied the effect of bombesin on the insulin response to food in humans and found that the meal-induced insulin re lease was markedly inhibited when bombe sin was infused intravenously. This effect was indirect and connected with the marked inhibition of gastric emptying induced by the peptide [41,44], In this investigation, the effect of bombesin on insulin levels was studied in healthy volunteers to whom glu cose was administered by oral or intrave nous route. In addition, an intraduodenal glucose load was used as a stimulus for insu lin release in order to exclude the bombesin effect on gastric emptying.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bombesin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Humans

Scarpignato¹,

Gioffré²,

Micali³

1987

Digestion

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The effect of bombesin on basal and glucose-stimulated insulin release was studied in male healthy volunteers. Glucose was administered by oral, intravenous or intraduodenal route during saline or bombesin infusion (5 ng/kg/min for 60 min). The peptide had no significant effect on basal levels of glucose and insulin. However, during its administration, the insulin response and the expected rise in blood glucose after oral glucose load (50 g) were strongly inhibited, and the gastric emptying of liquids was significantly delayed. On the contrary, the insulin response to intravenous glucose (20 g) was significantly increased by bombesin without changes in plasma glucose levels. Finally, when glucose was infused into the duodenum, thus bypassing the stomach, the insulin response was significantly increased by the peptide. In this case, too, plasma glucose levels after glucose load were virtually identical during either bombesin or saline infusion. These data clearly demonstrate that the direct effect of bombesin on insulin release is stimulatory and suggest that the inhibitory effect observed after oral glucose is connected with the action of the peptide on gastric emptying, the delay of which slows the entry of glucose into the small bowel.

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“…In man, infusion of bombesin stimulates gastric acid secretion, pancreatic secretion and gallbladder contraction and has an inhibitory effect on gastric emptying and intestinal motor activity 2 . 6 –9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bombesin on esophageal motility in humans

Masclee¹,

Lam²,

Lamers³

1999

Diseases of the Esophagus

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We have investigated the effect of bombesin on esophageal motility and explored the mechanism of action of bombesin. Eight healthy subjects were studied in random order during intravenous administration of (1) bombesin, (2) bombesin + vagal cholinergic receptor blockade with atropine and (3) bombesin + somatostatin. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and esophageal body motility were recorded continuously by Dent-sleeve manometry. Bombesin significantly (p < 0.01) increased LESP from 20 +/- 2 mmHg to 43 +/- 6 mmHg. Neither atropine nor somatostatin significantly reduced the bombesin-induced increases in LESP. Bombesin significantly (p<0.05) increased peristaltic wave amplitude (from 61 +/- 4 to 105 +/- 9 mmHg) and duration (from 2.9 +/- 0.2 to 4.8 +/- 0.3 s) in the mid and distal part of the esophagus. Neither atropine nor somatostatin significantly reduced the esophageal body motor response to bombesin. In conclusion (1) bombesin significantly increases LESP and affects esophageal body motility by increasing peristaltic wave amplitude and duration and (2) the effect of bombesin on esophageal motility is not dependent on vagal cholinergic mechanisms and is not mediated by the action of gastrointestinal hormones released by bombesin.

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Inhibition of Gastric Emptying by Bombesin in Man

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying

Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation of gastric emptying

Effect of Bombesin on Glucose-Induced Insulin Release in Humans

Effect of bombesin on esophageal motility in humans

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