Inhibition of Candida albicans biofilm development by unencapsulated Enterococcus faecalis cps2

Abstract

Background/purpose In the oral environment, Candida albicans interacts with many bacteria, including Enterococcus faecalis . We investigated the susceptibility of C. albicans biofilm development to the presence of unencapsulated E. faecalis cps2 in comparison with reference strains ( E. faecalis ATCC 29212) or their respective spent medium (collected at 6 hours). Material and methods Crystal violet stain was used to measure the total biofilm mass, whereas quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the change in expression of the mRNA of hypha morphology (ALS1 and ALS3) and biofilm maturation (EFB1). Results At the intermediate stage, C. albicans resisted the presence of each E. faecalis strain tested and their spent medium. However, at the maturation stage, the unencapsulated strain was stronger in reducing C. albicans biofilms than the reference strain (P < 0.05). At this maturation stage, the transcription levels of each gene tested decreased in the presence of either E. faecalis strains or their respective spent medium. The unencapsulated strain was more pronounced in reducing ALS1/ALS3 expression, whereas the respective spent medium had a similar capability to restrict the expression of EFB1. Conclusion This study showed, the unencapsulated strain is more effective in inhibiting C. albicans biofilm development compared with the reference strains. In contrast, the secreted molecules produced by each strain tested are necessary in controlling the growths of C. albicans biofilm.

Synergistic Effect of Newly Introduced Root Canal Medicaments; Ozonated Olive Oil and Chitosan Nanoparticles, Against Persistent Endodontic Pathogens

“…This supports the finding that our medications acted against the biofilm. The slightly lesser effect of the treatments on the mixed species biofilm in this study can be explained by the findings of Bachtiar et al (2016) , who stated that C. albicans was resistant in the presence of the encapsulated E. faecalis ATCC 29212 biofilm at the intermediate stage (24-h). E. faecalis produces peptidoglycan that induces hyphal growth in C. albicans .…”

RNA aptamers selected against yeast cells inhibit Candida albicans biofilm formation in vitro

“…The aptamers were further tested for their effects on C. albicans biofilm formation, which is considered to contribute to the virulence characteristics of C. albicans (Chandra et al., ).We found that the Ca‐apt‐1 has the ability to interfere with C. albicans biofilm formation at the intermediate stage (24 hr) (Bachtiar, Dewiyani, Akbar, & Bachtiar, ) because the aptamer must act at the earliest stage of biofilm formation, which was set at 90 min in our experiment. We hypothesized that the effects of the Ca‐apt‐1 aptamer on biofilm formation might be physicochemical in nature or due to direct contact between the aptamer and the fungus, as shown in this study by a binding affinity test using an ALISA.…”

Proinflammatory MG-63 cells response infection with Enterococcus faecalis cps2 evaluated by the expression of TLR-2, IL-1β, and iNOS mRNA

“…The bacteria were maintained and prepared for experiment as previously reported [ 8 ], while a modified gentamicin protection assay was performed to study bacteria-host interactions [ 10 ]. MG-63 cells were used as host cell in this study and were cultured in DMEM and supplemented with 10% FBS and penicillin, streptomycin, and glutamine.…”

“…We previously examined the antagonistic interaction between unencapsulated E. faecalis cps2 and Candida albicans [ 8 ], a fungus frequently found together with E. faecalis in periapical lesion [ 9 ]. The present study aimed to examine the in vitro ability of encapsulated and unencapsulated E. faecalis cps2 to infect human MG-63 osteosarcoma cell lines.…”