Inhibition of abnormal grain growth during hot deformation behavior of friction stir processed 5083 Al alloys

Relationship between welding conditions, abnormal grain growth and mechanical performance in friction-stir welded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

“…2). This observation agreed well with a number of previous reports in the scientific literature [8,25,27,30,36,38,43,48,52].…”

“…This undesirable phenomenon occurs during post-weld heat treatment and involves catastrophic growth of a few grains which finally consume almost entire weld zone. It has been observed in various aluminum alloys including 1 xxx [3][4][5][6], 2 xxx [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], 5 xxx [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], 6 xxx [30][31][32][33], and 7 xxx [11,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] series, as well as in magnesium alloys [42][43][44][45], some steels [46][47][48][49], and even metal-matrix composites [50,…”

“…Within the stir zone, the abnormal microstructural coarsening typically initiates either at the upper weld surface or at the weld root [4,8,9,15,17,[19][20][21][25][26][27]31,[34][35][36]38,40,41,43,45,48,52,53]. Also, the grain growth at the advancing side (AS) is often more pronounced than that at the retreating side (RS) [8,25,27,30,36,38,43,48,52]. These effects are sometimes attributed to the specific microstructures that evolved in these areas during FSW [20].…”

Mechanical Property Improvement in Dissimilar Friction Stir Welded Al5083/Al6061 Joints: Effects of Post-Weld Heat Treatment and Abnormal Grain Growth

“…AGG generally occurs when normal grain growth is suppressed [ 33 ]. In general, three factors influence the AGG in microstructure: (i) texture effect, i.e., anisotropy in grain boundary energy and mobility; (ii) decrease in pinning effect due to particle dissolution; (iii) nonuniform grain size distribution [ 34 , 35 ]. Thus, the balance between the thermodynamic driving force inducing AGG and the pinning force or barrier migration of grain boundaries is a critical feature that should be considered.…”

On the Heterogeneous Distribution of Secondary Precipitates in Friction-Stir-Welded 2519 Aluminium Alloy

“…It is important to emphasize that abnormal grain growth is frequently initiated from the stir zone periphery. Specifically, it preferentially develops either in the near-surface layer or at the weld root [27][28][29]32,[37][38][39][40][41][42]. Although this effect is relatively well-known, Metals 2022, 12, 671 2 of 10 its origin is still not completely clear.…”